188 FAGACEAE 
Leaves egg-shaped or pear-shaped. 
Cup deep i Ve 2) greg: >) © oc) ee 
Cup: shallow: \.=) ber, oe way Oe cs, Niemen Q. Michauxrit 
Leaves pear-shaped, cup Shallow ac) 2) - «© « «)« "co “0; Alexanderi 
Leaves all deeply lobed. 
Leaves tipped, each with a conspicuous bristle. 
Dull green above, pale beneath ~. < . . <3 « « « » | Qnusgpra 
Shining above, green beneath. 
Cup covering ~ the nut . . . . . « « « Q. palusins 
Cup covering 4 the nut . s of 3.06 (se, (Ol eGaermen 
Cup covering more than 4 the. nut. 
Inner bark orange . . « « « « Os wel 
Inner bark gray or réddish : Q. borealis 
Leaves green above, gray beneath, lobes lance- -shaped — - Q. falcata 
Leaves green above, gray beneath, lobes triangular . . Q. ilicifolia 
Leaves green above, brown beneath . . . . . Qs marylandica 
Leaves not tipped with bristles. 
Deep green. beneath . =. <<: Kp fils) %) © fo ue OUmECUrD 
Dark “brown. ibeneath) =. %i)Gacsmecsee «fs « « ls me QpmmNnenemem 
White and silky beneath. 
Acorn nearly covered by cup . « « .« OF sivrata 
Acorn 2/3 covered, border oi cup fringed _ : Q. macrocarpa 
Acorn 4 covered by cup, leaves not usually deeply lobed Q. bicolor 
Shrub 
Leaves. oval, ‘coarsely ctoothed 2) 3) 2) "Gen fonts ¥s) ee sl) of) (on QO Rms 
1. Q. rubra, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 28.) Rep Oax. Tall forest tree. 
Leaves in general outline oval but cut into lobes by deep rounded sinuses, 
the lobes triangular. Main lobes number about 5. Cup, saucer-shaped, 
arising from a short stalk, covering about 1/3 of the acorn. Bark dark 
gray. Common. 
Var. borealis, Michx. Gray OAK. Large tree with leaves similar to 
those of Q. rubra. Cup hemispheric, on a short stem covering 4 the nut, 
its bracts triangular. Leaves deeply 7 to 13 lobed, lustrous deep green 
above, dull, paler beneath. Penna., New York and northward. 
2. Q. palustris,Muench. (Fig. 1, pl. 28.) Swamp Oax. Pin Oak. 
Tall forest tree, growing mostly in moist or wet places. Cup shallow 
saucer-shaped, covering about 4+ or less of the mature acorn. Leaves in 
general outline broadest at outer third, with very deep sinuses which are 
quite broad, main lobes about 5, each terminated by several sharp points. 
Bark dark gray. Low grounds, Mass., southward. 
3. Q. coccinea, Muench. (Fig. 1, pl. 29.) Scarrter OAK. Tall tree, 
cup top-shaped and covering more than 4 the somewhat elongated acorn. 
Leaves in outline oval. Sinuses very deep and more angular than in the 
preceding species; lobes sharply angled, about as many as in No. 1 and 
No, 2. Bark gray, inner bark reddish. Dry soil in our area. 
4. Q. velutina, Lam. (Fig. 6, pl. 29.) Brack OAK. QUERCITRON. 
Tall forest tree, cup less top-shaped than No, 3 and covering only 3 the 
mature acorn. Leaves with rounded sinuses, lobes about 7 often extend- 
ing to the middle. Bark dark gray, inner bark reddish or orange. 
5. Q. falcata, Michx. (Fig. 2, pl. 29.) Spanisn Oak. (Q. digitata, 
(Marsh.) Sudw.). Tall tree. Leaves with sharp lobes and angular 
sinuses. Lobes about 7 but often reduced to 4 or 3; dark green and 
smooth above, silky gray beneath. Acorn globular, cup nearly half sur- 
rounding it. Bark dark brown. New Jersey and southward. Rare in 
our region. 
6. Q. ilicifolia, Wang. (Fig. 3, pl. 28.) Berar or Scrup OAK. 
(Q. nana, Sarg.). Shrub or small tree, often growing in dense thickets. 
