BUCKWHEAT FAMILY 20 
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Leaves at extremity of stem much reduced and transformed to bracts. 
Stem round. Plant yellowish-green . . . . . P. ramosissimum 
Stem angular. 
Flower and fruit directed upward .°. . . . P, tenue 
Flower and fruit directed downward . .. . oe Douglasu 
3p. GROUP 
Herbs climbing by twining stems or by recurved prickles. 
Twining stems, unarmed by prickles. - 
Seed hull not winged at the angles, or obscurely winged. 
Collaretenno tee biastlysmem mettre Meecn es un) Ueiei-tet em COMUOLUELES: 
Collaret bristly . . oo Ge oe ua ee IER rele 
Seed hull conspicuously winged “at the angles. 
Meavess ovate condatel at abasel mentee os) sis) ee) scandens 
Leaves narrow, arrow-head shaped . Sn IE QTE. 
Leaves triangular, slightly cordate at base so . 8 o Va dumetorum 
Leaves egg-shaped, stem prickly . P. arifolium 
A. Erect or prostrate herbs. Flowers in “elongated. terminal clusters 
1. P. pennsylvanicum, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 33.) PENNSYLVANIAN PERSsI- 
CARIA. Plant less erect and less high than No. 5, the clusters of flowers 
erect or nearly so, bright rose color, spikes often blunt at summit. 
Leaves long lance-shaped. Moist soil. July-Sept. 
2. P. viviparum, L. (Fig. 6, pl. 33.) ALprne Bistorr. <A small 
plant found on the heights of mountains in New England. Slender, 4 to 
8 in. high; collaret conspicuous; flowers crowded, flesh colored, some- 
times replaced by small red bulblets (hence the name, viviparum). Lowest 
leaves oblong with more or less heart-shaped base and blunt apex; upper 
leaves narrow, lance-shaped. 
3. P. amphibium. L. (Fig. 7, pl. 33.) Water Persicaria. Aquatic; 
leaves broad, elliptic, thick, rather blunt at each end; generally floating; 
roots springing from the nodes. Flowers bright pink or rose color. 
Ponds and lakes, northern New Jersey and northward. 
4. P. Hartwrightii, Gray. Hartwricnt’s Persicarta. (New KEdi- 
tion, Gray, var. of P. amphibium.) Much like No. 2, but-is rough with 
hairs, at least on the collaret. Grows in mud or floats on water. Swamps 
and wet places, generally distributed. 
5. P. Muhlenbergii, (Meisn.) Wats. Swamp Persicarta. (P. 
emersum, (Michx.) Britton.) Plant 1 to 3 ft. high; leaves long, egg- 
shaped, the apex prolonged and tapering. Swamps and wet places, gen- 
erally distributed. 
6. P. lapathifolium, L. (Fig. 3, pl. 33.) Dock-LEAvED PERSICARIA. 
PALE PersiIcarIA. Plant larger than most of those of the genus and 
more ornamental, from 1 to 4 ft. high, often in dense masses. Leaves 
lance-shaped, acute at each end, the apex long and tapering. Clusters 
of flowers dense, gracefully drooping, white or rose color. Wet places. 
New England and westward. 
Var. incarnatum, Watson, the leaves longer and broader and the spikes 
long, drooping, linear, several in a cluster. Still another variety, incanum, 
found in the northern and western sections of our region, is a much 
smaller plant with smaller leaves and which are covered with a white 
silkiness beneath, tapering at each end and especially at apex. Ditches 
and way-side places. Very common. 
7. P. persicaria, L. Lapy’s THums. Plant 6 to 20 in. high; leaves 
narrow lance-shaped, tapering at each end; the collaret fringed with 
short bristles. Group of flowers oval or oblong. Leaves conspicuously 
