228 CARYOPHYLLACEAE 
7. §. pennsylvanica, Michx. (Fig. 1, pl. 38.) Wirp Pink. (8. 
caroliniana, Walt.). Root perennial. Stem erect or prostrate, 4 to 16 
in. high. Upper parts of the plant viscid, hairy, the lower less viscid 
or even without that character. Basal leaves narrow and rounded at 
apex. Stem leaves lance-shaped but not with very sharp points. Calyx 
tubular, swelling with the ripening of the seeds. Petals wedge-shaped, 
the outer border slightly notched. Flowers deep pink, conspicuous against 
the gravelly soil in the early spring. Rocky places, mostly in woods, 
southern half of our region. April-June. 
8. §S. antirrhina, L. (Fig. 3, pl. 39.) Steepy Carcuriy. Root an- 
nual. Stem slender and erect, generally smooth, branching above, 8 to 
30 in. high. Lower leaves broader than those above but lance-shaped and 
with sharp points. Flowers whitish pink, small, in a loose terminal 
cluster. Calyx ovoid, the small petals each with a single notch at the 
outer extremity. Fields and woods, most of our area. July-Sept. 
9. §. Armeria, L. (Fig. 4, pl. 38.) Sweer Wirr11aM. LOoBEL’s 
Catcurity. Root perennial. Stems erect, smooth. Leaves somewhat 
egg-shaped, the lower with blunt, the upper with sharp points. Flowers 
in flat crowded, terminal cluster, purple or pink. Calyx tubular, Es- 
caped from gardens. June-July. 
10. §. noctiflora, L. (Fig. 2, pl. 39.) Nicut-rLowERING CATCHFLY. 
Root annual. Stem 1 to 3 ft. high, viscid, hairy. Lower leaves blunt, 
upper ones sharp pointed, all broadly lance-shaped or somewhat egg- 
shaped. Flowers few in a terminal cluster. Petals white or pinkish. 
Flowers open at dusk and remain open till morning. Waste places, in- 
troduced from Europe. July-Sept. 
11. S. angelica, L. Enerish orn SMALL-FLOWERED CATCHFLY. (S. 
gallica, L.). Annual. Plant 1 to 2 ft. high, the stem rough with rather 
stiff hairs. Flowers small, white, with short foot-stalks, arranged along 
the upper part of the stem. Calyx cylindric, hairy. Waste places, intro- 
duced from Europe. April-July. 
12. §. dichotoma, Ehrh. (Fig. 4, pl. 39.) Forxep Catcurriy. An- 
nual, Stem 1 to 2 ft. high, branching, hairy. Leaves lance-shaped or 
with the broadest part toward the apex, hairy. Petals white, each 
deeply divided, with only a partially developed lip. Calyx hairy with 5 
ribs. Flowers arranged along the upper parts of the much forked stem, 
each flower with a very short foot-stalk. Fields and waste places, in- 
troduced from Europe. June-Sept. 
3. LYCHNIS, L. 
Plants resembling the Silene. Calyx egg-shaped, tubular or inflated, 
with commissural nerves. The flowers differ from those of Silene in 
that in Lychnis there are 5 styles while in Silene there are but 3 or 
rarely 4, The plants of this genus have, for the most part, perfect 
flowers, that is, they have both stamens and pistils, but occasionally the 
stamens and pistils occupy different flowers which are not upon the 
same plant, that is, they are dioecious. All the species in our region 
have been introduced from Europe. 
