250 RANUNCULACEAE 
by virtue of the clusters of plumed seed caskets, which become nearly 
or quite as conspicuous as the clusters of white flowers. July-Sept. 
2. C. viorna, L. Learner Fiower. Flower purple, bell-shaped. 
Rare, if found at all, in our region. 
3. C. ochroleuca, Ait. (Fig. 3, pl. 46.) Erect Smxy Cremartis. 
Erect, 1 to 2 ft. high. Leaves not compound, broadly egg-shaped and 
without foot-stalks or with very short ones. Flower nodding, solitary, 
bell-shaped, about 1 in. long. Color, yellowish-brown, Fields and copses, 
in our region. May. 
2. ATRAGENE, L. 
Similar to Clematis, but differentiated by the presence of a few small 
petals. The sepals very large, forming a showy flower. 
A. americana. Sims. (Fig. 4, pl. 46.) PurpLe Vircin’s Bower. 
(Clematis verticillaris, DC.) A climbing vine, 10 to 20 ft high, cling- 
ing to shrubs and trees. Leaf stems forming a whorl about the main 
stem. Leaflets on foot-stalks nearly as long as themselves. Flowers 
solitary, 2 to 4 in. broad, of 4 large purple sepals on a long flower stem. 
One or more flower stems from the same axil. Rocky hills, not common. 
May-June. 
3. HEPATICA, Hill 
Leaves all from the base (radical) except the three small leaf-like 
organs which are situated just below the flower and resemble a calyx 
(Fig. 4, p. 396). The true leaves, which are somewhat triangular, or 
broadly heart-shaped are three-lobed and rather thick and form a brown- 
ish or dark green mat which spreads upon the surface of the ground 
or over the dead leaves of the woods in which the plant best thrives. 
Several hairy flower-stalks usually arise from the same root, each from 
3 to 6 in. high, bearing a single blue, purple or whitish-purple flower 
just above the calyx-like involucre of three stem-leaves. The hepatica 
is one of the earliest and most attractive flowers of the spring. 
l. H. triloba. Chaix. (Fig. 4, pl. 44.) Rounp-LEAvED HEPpATICA. 
LIvERLEAF. Liverwort. With the lobes obtuse or rounded. 
2. H. acutiloba, DC. Snarp-topep Hepatica. With lobes much more 
acute than in H. triloba. In rich moist woods, April-May. 
4. ANEMONE, L. 
Herbs, erect, with leaves arising by a leaf-stalk directly from the base 
and with leaves also on a separate flower stem. Flowers with 5 to 9 
petal-like sepals, white, brownish-white or reddish, Pistil column very 
short or its capital (stigma) in direct contact with the fruitlet. Pistils 
and stamens numerous. Fruit, dry one-seeded cells in a cluster. Be- 
low the flower, at some distance, is a whorl of 3 leaves, each leaf divided 
(except in A. canadensis), into 3 separate leaflets, each of these leaflets 
is deeply cut into 3 acute lobes. In A. canadensis the leaves are deeply 
divided but not into separate parts. In all our species, except A. quinque- 
folia, the flower stem divides at the main whorl of leaves into from 2 to 
5 flower stalks, each bearing a single bud or flower and on some of these 
secondary stalks may occur also a secondary, leaf whorl above which an- 
other division of the stem may appear. 
