310 ROSACEAE 
to 20, quite short. Seed carpels 5, united at base, each carpel with 2 
to 4 seeds. 
Stipules: linear, not lJeaf-like’(<:\).70 Anew fe’ fs rs, tive: Aten etretne Gr uneee eee 
Stipules @ilarge, leaf-like!’ (5). 3 esa Be cc) ct roo) et net Gr 
l. G. trifoliata, (L.) Moench. (Fig. 4, pl. 62.) Inpian Puysic. 
BowMAn’s Roor. Plant 2 to 4 ft. high. Leaves 3-foliate; at the base, 
where the leaflets unite at the stem, are 2 narrow lance-shaped stipules 
without teeth. Flowers in loose terminal clusters, the ovary small, the 
petals long, slender, spreading, white or pink. Pods reddish. Wood- 
lands, southern part of our region, May-June. 
2. G. stipulata, (Muhl.) Trel. (Fig. 5, pl. 62.) AmeErican IpEcac. 
Resembles the last species, but at the base of the 3 leaflets, which have 
a short leaf-stalk, is a pair of broad leaf-like stipules, giving the leaf 
the appearance of having 5 leaflets. The stipules are toothed like the 
leaflets. Flowers similar to No. 1, rose color. In the western part of 
our region. June-July. 
4. ARUNCUS, Adams 
Herbs with flowers of two kinds, the staminate and pistillate on dif- 
ferent plants, perennial. Flowers in long slender clusters (spikes) white, 
the spikes forming a pyramidal compound cluster. Leaves compound, 
doubly feather-formed. Stamens numerous; petals as many as the calyx 
lobes, mostly 5; pistils usually 3. Seed casket (follicle), usually 2-seeded. 
A. sylvester, Kosteletzky. Goar’s-BEarD. Stem erect, branched, 3 to 
7 ft. high. Leaves doubly compound of 3 to many leaflets. Leaflets egg- 
shaped, toothed, with or without leaf-stalks. Rich woods, mountains of 
Penna., and south. May-July. 
5. RUBUS, L. 
Perennial shrubs, rarely herbs or trailing vines often armed with 
prickles. Leaves mostly compound, usually of 3 or 5 leaflets, rarely of 
more. Calyx 5-parted; corolla of 5 petals; stamens and pistils, each 
numerous. Fruit a berry with many seeds, or an aggregation of small 
drupes. 
Leaves not consisting of several leaflets. 
Flowers? purple 9 if). cova @ Wel we ie a eels, etl mete) Antenne OetreanS 
Flowers white . . i a ees, eel cenehe| COME irae 
Leaves consisting of 3 or more leaflets, 
Fruit concave beneath and when ripe falling away from the dry receptacle. 
Raspberries 
Stem armed with prickles. 
Fruit) dark) ‘purples 7") ys 5) ell cniinel) os tee eC eRe rerane 
Prait light red’ od 8).ce> il ays ie awe ay he ae ee 
Fruit dark red . sual. 6 pesueh elif: ve) eu tet eGR GrRiae 
Stem not armed with prickles | eouren Bia tie tet cep \ "ie | at heh) Ctawea ny ene 
Fruit not separating from the juicy receptacle. 
Blackberries 
Stems stout, erect or curved. 
Stems 2 to 12 ft. high. 
Lower surface of leaves covered with white down R. cuneifolius 
Lower surface of leaves not white-downy. 
Leaflets mostly in 3’s sc uel te cue jhe) eh witts, (POMBO SES 
Leaflets mostly in 5’s. 
Fruit cylindric . . . . . . . RK. alleghaniensis 
Fruit oval or oblong . . . . « « AR, canadensis 
Stems prostrate, mostly trailing. 
