SPURGE FAMILY 379 
lance-shaped or linear. Rays of the umbel 3 or more, Flowers (invol- 
ucres) terminal with white petal-like divisions. Sandy soil. April-Oct. 
7. E. Ipecacuanhae, L. (Tig. 9, pl. 88.) Witp Ipecac. Spreading 
or erect, 4 to 10 in. high. Leaves opposite, varying from linear to orbicu- 
lar, mostly oval. Involucre on a very long slender peduncle. Dry sandy 
soil, south and east part of our region. May-Oct. 
8. E. Lathyris, L. (Fig. 6, pl. 88.) Caper Spurcr. Erect, stout, 
1 to 3 ft. high. Branched as an umbel above. Leaves of the whorl and 
stem narrow lance-shaped or linear, those of the stem scattered, those of 
the umbel broadly egg-shaped with sharp points. Introduced. May-Aug. 
9. E. Darlingtonii, A. Gray. Daritneton’s Spurce. Stem stout, 
erect, 1 to 5 ft. high, branching as an umbel at top. Rays of umbel 5 to 
8. Leaves of whorl several, lance-shaped, those of stem also lance-shaped 
tapering at each end, those of umbel broad heart-shaped or kidney-shaped. 
(For the flower see Fig. 1, pl. 88.) 
10. E. helioscopia, L. (Fig. 4, pl. 88.) Sun Spurce. Stem about 
1 ft. high, often branched at base. Stem leaves spatulate, those of the 
whorl inversely egg-shaped or nearly round as are those of the umbel. 
Rays of the umbel 3 to 5, flowers yellowish. Introduced. June-Sept. 
ll. E. Esula, L. (Fig. 10, pl. 88.) Leary Spurce. Stems 1 to 2 
ft. high, branched above. Rays of umbel 4 to 8. Leaves of stem and whorl 
linear, those of umbel broadly heart-shaped. Introduced. May-Oct. 
12. E. lucida, Waldsl. and Kit. (Fig. 11, pl. 88.) Nicaran SpuRGE. 
(H. nicaeensis, All.). Stem 1 to 13 ft. high. Rays of umbel 4 to 7. Stem 
leaves linear or oblong, those of the whorl and of the umbel broad heart- 
shaped or kidney-shaped. Flowers (involucres), yellowish. Introduced. 
July-Sept. 
13. E. Cyparissias, L. (Fig. 12, pl. 88.) Cypress Spurce. Stems 
mostly erect, about 1 ft. high. Plant bright green, the involucres of the 
umbel showing yellow. Grows in patches, escaped from gardens. Rays 
of the umbel numerous. Whorls of linear leaves; leaves of the stem 
thickly scattered, also linear; those of the umbel broadly egg-shaped. 
Along roadsides where, for the most part, it has been thrown from gar- 
dens. May-Sept. 
14. E. Peplus, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 88.) Perry Spurcr. Plant 4 to 12 
in. high: Leaves of the stem pear-shaped, on leaf-stalks. Seeds with 2 
grooves on the back and with several pits on the inner face. New Jer- 
sey, New York, and southward. June-Sept. 
Famity VIII.—CALLITRICHACEAE. Water Starwort FAMILY 
Small aquatic herbs, with opposite leaves which are simple, and 
with entire (not serrated or notched) borders. Flowers solitary 
in the axils of the leaves very minute, without corolla, but in some 
species, with two colored bracts. Stamens and pistils generally 
not in the same flowers, but on the same plant. Generally 1 sta- 
men, exceptionally 2. Ovary of 4 cells. Styles 1. Stems very 
slender. Leaves spatula-formed or linear. 
