412 VIOLACEAE 
5. V. palustris, L. (Fig. 3, pl. 99.) Marsn Viorer. Leaves kid- 
ney-form, round or broadly egg-shaped. Not hairy. Rootstock slender. 
Flower spur very short; petals slightly bearded. In wet grounds. Moun- 
tains of New England and northward. May-July. 
6. V. Selkirkii, Pursh. (Fig. 6, pl. 99.) SetKkrrK’s Viortet. Leaves 
broadly egg-shaped to round, heart-shaped at base. Flower spur nearly 
as long as the petals, blunt. Moist soil, woods, throughout our area. 
April-May. 
Leaves incised. Flowers blue 
7. V. palmata, L. (Fig. 1, pl. 98.) Earty BLur Vioret. Downy; 
rootstock thick, usually oblique. Flower scapes at first shorter than 
leaves, later generally longer. Leaf-stalks generally much longer than 
leaf-blades, the latter as broad or broader at base than the length, it is 
incised at base, forming from a few to 11 or 13 lobes, the middle lobe 
remaining broad and egg-shaped, while the lateral ones are narrow, often 
with only shallow incisions. Division of calyx linear or narrow lance- 
shaped. Lateral petals bearded. Hidden flowers numerous. In dry 
woods, throughout our area. April-May. 
8. V. Mulfordae, Pollard. Miss Mutrorp’s Vioter. Leaves and 
flowers from the root-stock. Whole plant somewhat downy. Leaf blades 
oblong or egg-shaped in general outline but the margin cut into several 
lobes on each side. The lateral lobes lance-shaped, acute at apex, the 
terminal lobe much larger, oblong to lance-oblong, the margins finely 
toothed. Flower stems shorter than the leaves or at first somewhat longer 
than the leaves. Flowers violet-purple about ? in, broad. Dry sandy 
soil, Hempstead Plains, L. I. May. 
9. V. atlantica, Britton. (Fig. 5, pl. 98.) Coast Vioter. Leaves 
on long slender leaf-stalks, nearly or quite smooth. Leaves deeply in- 
cised but middle lobe rather broadest, the others narrow and diverging. 
The lower leaves are small, nearly or quite undivided, egg-shaped or club- 
shaped.* Upper leaves 4 to 8 in. high, Flower scapes as high or higher. 
Lateral petals bearded. Somewhat rare. Eastern Mass., and southward. 
May-June. 
10. V. notabilis, Bicknell. ELecaAnr Viotet. Flowers and _ leaves 
from the root-stock, Leaves in outline broadly egg-shaped or oblong, 
heart-shaped at base, obtuse or rounded at apex, divided at lower half 
or third, several oblong obtuse lobes cut half way or less to the mid-rib, 
the basal lobe broader and itself toothed or lobed. Flower stems generally 
exceeding the leaves, becoming 8 to 10 in. high. Flowers very large, deep 
purple. Southwestern Long Island, low grounds. 
1l. V. sagittata, Ait. (Fig. 6, pl. 98.) ARROW-LEAVED VIOLET. 
Leaves long, halberd-shaped. generally incised at base, smooth, hollowed 
but not heart-shaped at base which is somewhat winged, the wings being 
more or less lobed. Petals densely bearded, dark blue. Dry hills, through- 
out our area, April-May. 
In the form V. emarginata, Le Conte, the leaves are more nearly 
triangular. 
* According to the author’s specimens, by others not so specified. 
