414 VIOLACEAE 
12. V. ovata, Nutt. (Fig. 1, pl. 99.) OvaTA-LEAvED VIOLET. Leaves, 
leaf-stalk and flower scapes hairy; long egg-shaped, rounded at apex, in- 
cised, not winged at base. Southern part of our area. April-May. 
13. V. pedata,L. (Fig. 3, pl. 98.) Brrp’s-roor VIoLET. Rootstock 
short, thick, erect. Leaves parted nearly to leaf stem into 5 to 9 narrow 
lobes which are smooth-bordered or somewhat toothed toward apex. All 
parts smooth. One of our most beautiful violets. Color, lilae to dark 
blue. Dry fields, somewhat prevalent. April-June. 
Flowers yellow 
14. V. rotundifolia, Michx. (Fig. 4, pl. 99.) RouNpD-LEAVED VIOLET. 
Leaves smooth or slightly downy; broadly egg-shaped when young be- 
coming nearly round at length; heart-shaped at base, the sinus. nearly 
closed. Flower scapes short (2 to 4 in. high); flowers yellow. The plant 
sends out many stolons later in the season as well as many hidden 
(cleistogamous) flowers. Woods, in rich soil. April-May. 
Flowers white 
15. V. blanda, Willd. (Fig. 2, pl. 99.) Sweet WHITE VIOLET. 
Leaves cordate at base, round, kidney-formed or broadly egg-shaped. All 
parts except the flower scape usually smooth, the latter generally some- 
what hairy. Flowers white, with purple veins. Wet places. April-May. 
16. V.primulaefolia, L. (Fig. 7. pl. 99.) PRIMROSE-LEAVED VIOLET. 
Leaves lance-egg-shaped, suddenly contracted at base, the edge of the 
leaf following along the leaf-stalk. Flowers white, petals beardless. Long 
stolons late in summer with many hidden (cleistogamous) flowers. Open 
moist soil, New York. New England, and southward. April-May. 
17. V. lanceolata, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 99.) LANCE-LEAVED VIOLET. 
Leaves smooth, lance-shaped, tapering at base. Flowers white. Many 
stolons late in season and many cleistogamous flowers. Moist meadows, 
prevalent to some extent throughout our area. April-June. 
18. V. renifolia, A. Gray. KipNey-LEAvep VioLeT. All parts of 
plant hairy. Leaves broad, egg-shaped, kidney-shaped or round. More 
or less heart-shaped at base. Flowers white. Stoloniferous. Woods and 
fields, New York and westward. April-June. 
Leaves and Flowers all springing from a stem 
Flowers yellow 
19. V. pubescens, Ait. (Fig. 1, pl. 100.) Harry Yettow VIOoLert. 
Plant 5 to 20 in. high. Leaves broadly egg-shaped to round, toothed, 
those at the base of stem having leaf-stalks longer than the blades, while 
of the upper leaves the blades excel the leaf-stalks in length. The lower 
leaves at blooming time are usually wanting. Stipules not fringed or 
divided, egg-shaped or lance-shaped. Whole plant covered with soft hairs. 
Flowers bright yellow. Woods. April-May. 
20. V. scabriuscula, Schwein. (Fig. 5. pl. 100.) Smoorn YELLOw 
Viotet. Resembles No. 16, but the hairy covering is nearly or quite 
absent and the surface of the stem is rough. Lower leaves generally 
present at blooming time. Stipules similar to those of No. 16. Flowers 
yellow. Woods. April-May, 
