436 UMBELLIFERAE 
l. A. spinosa, L. Hercures’s CLus. ANGELICA TREE. Shrub or low 
tree, with thick stem, with prickles on the branches. Leaves doubly com- 
pound, of several pairs of egg-shaped, thick leaflets, with an odd one for 
each division. River banks, in southern part of our region. June-Aug. 
2. A. racemosa, L. (Fig. 4, pl. 106.) AMERICAN SpPIKENARD. A 
large, much branched herb, with egg-shaped leaflets, which are heart- 
shaped at base and slender pointed at apex. Umbel on an extended axis, 
giving the cluster of flowers a more or less pyramidal shape. Flowers 
greenish; fruit a dark purple or brown berry. Rich woods. July-Aug. 
3. A. nudicaulis, L. (Fig. 2, pl. 106.) Wirp Sarsaparirta. Stem 
divides before or almost immediately after leaving the ground into a leaf- 
stem and a flower-stem. The former axis straight and slender about 1 ft. 
high, when it divides into 3 branches, each bearing 3 or 5 leaflets, which 
are oval or egg-shaped. The flower-stem is shorter and naked to the 
summit where a three branched umbel is found, each branch of the umbel 
bearing a small rounded umbel or head. In woods. Common. May-June. 
4. A. hispida, Vent. (Fig. 3, pl. 106.) Wirtp Exper. A _ plant, 
shrubby at base, more or less bristly, 1 to 2 ¢t. high. Leaves doubly 
compound; leaflets egg-shaped, toothed at the edges. Umbels on long 
slender flower-stems. Common about decaying stumps and rocky places. 
July-Aug. 
2 PANAX 
Herbs or shrubs. Our species herbs, arising from a globose or spindle- 
shaped root with a slender stem branching into 3 leaf-stalks at the top, 
each bearing 5 or less leaflets, which are inversely lance-shaped, or in- 
versely egg-shaped, and a single flower-stem bearing a rounded umbel 
of a few white flowers. Stamens 5. Fruit a somewhat flattened berry. 
1. P. trifolium, L. (Fig. 1, pl. 106.) Dwarr GINSENG. GROUND 
Nut. Plant, 3 to 8 in. high, in moist woods. Leaflets 3 to 5, the lower 
pair single, the upper ones inversely lance-shaped. Root globular. Wocds. 
common. April-June. 
2. P. quinquefolium, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 106.) Ginsene. A large plant, 
8 to 15 in. high. Root spindle-shaped. Leaves inversely egg-shaped. 
Rich woods, New England. April-May. 
Famity II]—UMBELLIFERAE. Carrot or Parstey FAMILY 
Herbs, with usually hollow stems and alternate leaves which, 
in all but a few species, are compound. Leaf-stalks expanded, 
often forming a sheath to the stem. Flowers in umbel, that is, the 
flower stems of the cluster of flowers all spring from one point 
and radiate like the rays of an umbrella. In general each primary 
ray gives off a secondary group, which is known as an wmbellet, on 
which are borne the flowers. The flowers are small and indi- 
vidually inconspicuous, but the groups or umbels constitute showy 
heads or clusters, as for example, those of the wild carrot. At the 
base of the umbel in certain species there is found a whorl of bracts 
