BROOMRAPE FAMILY 575 
Flower solitary, terminating the stem . . . . .  Thalesia 
Flowers in a single dense spike, a row of stiff hairs running 
up the upper lip of the corolla . . . . . . Orobanche 
Flowers in a dense spike, anthers of the stamens fringed 
tT ee ee es St ee et? Conepuols 
Flowers on several spikes branching from main stem Epifagus 
1. THALESIA, Raf. (Orobanche, (Tourn.) L. Aphyllon, (Mitchel) 
Gray) 
Single or several stemmed, more or less viscid herbs, with solitary 
flowers terminating a naked scape. Calyx 5-cleft, corolla slightly 2-lipped, 
the tube long and curved, upper lip 2-lobed, lower 3-lobed. Stamens 4, 
unequal. 
T. uniflora, (L.) Britton. (Fig. 1, pl. 148.) ONE-FLOWERED Broom- 
RAPE. Stem, mostly buried in the ground, very short, with a few scales. 
Scapes 2 or more, 3 to 8 in. high, somewhat downy, each with a single 
flower about } in. long, with a decided curve to the tube. Rich woods and 
thickets, throughout our area. April-June. 
2. OROBANCHE, L. 
Flowers in a dense spike, without flower-stems. Calyx split before and 
behind nearly to the base, both lips 2-lobed. Stamens 4, unequal, included 
within the corolla. Parasites on roots of other plants. 
O. minor, Smith. (Fig. 2, pl. 148.) CrLover Broomraper, Spike 4 to 12 
in. high, terminating in a narrow, dense cluster of purplish flowers gen- 
erally parasitic on the roots of clover. Introduced from Europe. May- 
July. 
3. CONOPHOLIS, Wallr. 
Parasitic herb, with stout, unbranching stem densely scaly terminating 
in a thick scaly spike of yellow flowers. Calyx irregular, 4- to 5-toothed, 
at its base 2 bracts. Corolla tubular, swollen at base, strongly 2-lipped. 
Stamens 4, unequal, extending beyond the throat of the corolla. 
C. americana, Wallr. (Fig. 4, pl. 148.) Squaw Root. Plants 
brown, usually clustered, from thick bases. Flowers about 4 in. long, the 
upper lip strongly arched, the lower drooping, 3-cleft. In woods, mostly 
oak, growing in the midst of the fallen leaves. Our area. May-June. 
4. EPIFAGUS, Nutt. (Leptamnium, Raf.) 
Branching parasitic herb, with purplish or yellowish stems, which carry 
a few scales, but no leaves. Flowers in slender spikes, the upper flowers 
sterile, the tube long and curved, the lower closed (Cleistogamic) but 
fertile. Calyx 5-toothed, oblique. Corolla 4-lobed, the upper larger than 
the 3 lower. 
E. virginiana, (L.) Raf. (Fig. 3, pl. 148.) Brscu Drops. Plant 
4 to 2 ft. high, with several flowering branches, flowers whitish and pur- 
plish, about 4 in. long. Growing from the roots of beech trees. Our 
area. Aug.-Oct. 
