PLANTAIN FAMILY 579 
FAMILY—PLANTAGINACEAE. PLANTAIN FAMILY 
Characters as above. 
1. PLANTAGO, L. 
Herbs, with leaves all basal and with flowers on a leafless scape in a 
slender, dense flowered spike (exceptionally leaves on the stem and flowers 
in a head, but not in our species). Calyx 4-parted, corolla 4-lobed. Sta- 
mens usually 4. Fruit a capsule opening by a lid. 
Leaves all basal, egg-shaped, tapering at each end. 
Plant not hairy. 
Flowers densely crowded in a narrow cylindric spike . . P. major 
Flowers not densely crowded, the spike more or less interrupted 
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Leaves lance-shaped, not linear. 
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Plant not very hairy. 
Margins of leaves more or less lobed « . . . . . P. heterophylla 
Margins of leaves not lobed. 
Bracts between flowers much longer than flowers . P. aristata 
Bracts not exceeding flowers, 
Flower scape usually much longer than the leaves 
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Flower scape usually about equalling the leaves 
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1. P. major, L. (Fig. 3, pl. 149.) Common PLANTAIN. Leaves egg- 
shaped, tapering at each end, the margins smooth or wavy, not hairy or 
only slightly so, from 1 to 10 in. long. Scape 6 in. to 2 ft. high, spike 
very narrow and flowers densely crowded. Door yards and waste places, 
common. May-Sept. 
2. P. Rugelii, Dec. (Fig. 7, pl. 149.) Rugry’s PLANTAIN. Similar 
to P. major, but there are many interruptions in the spike of flowers. 
Fields, woods and waste places. June-Sept. 
3. P. lanceolata, L. (Fig. 4, pl. 149.) Ripwort. Leaves lance- 
shaped, pointed at each end, with 3 to 5 ribs, 2 to 12 in. long. Flower 
scape angular, longer than the leaves, from 4 to 2 ft. high, the spike 
dense, rather short, blunt. Meadows and roadsides. Common.  April- 
Nov. 
4, P. media, L. (Fig. 10, pl. 149.) Hoary Prantain. Leaves rather 
narrower than those of P. major, but somewhat similar in form. Leaves 
and scape covered with brown hairs. Scapes slender, 1 to 2 ft. high. 
Waste places. May-Sept. 
5. P. cordata, Lam. (Fig. 6, pl. 149.) Heart-LEAvVED PLANTAIN. 
Leaves broadly egg-shaped, heart-shaped at base, 4 to 10 in. long. Scape 
3 to 2 ft. high, the flower spike interrupted, from a few in. to a ft. long. 
Swamps and along streams, New York and southward. March-July. 
6. P. maritima, L. (Fig. 5, pl. 149.) Sea-sip— PLANTAIN. Leaves 
narrow, grass-like, fleshy. Scapes about as long as leaves. Spike of 
flowers loose. Salt marshes and along coast. June-Sept. 
7. P. aristata, Michx. (Fig. 1, pl. 149.) Larce-pracTep PLANTAIN. 
Leaves grass-like, smooth, scape 6 to 18 in, tall, flower spike 1 to 6 in. 
