600 VALERIANACEAE 
Flowers in terminal spreading clusters or contracted into rather 
dense heads. Calyx tube adherent to the ovary, its divisions being 
superior to it, these divisions consisting of 5 to 15 bristle-like teeth 
which, inconspicuous in the flower, in fruit are rolled outward. 
Corolla tubular or funnel-form, usually gibbous at base, the border 
consisting of 5 equal teeth. Stamens 1 to 4, mostly 3, inserted in 
the corolla and alternate with its lobes, usually extending beyond 
the corolla. Ovary of 1 to 3 cells, only one cell containing a 
developed ovule. Fruit dry, one-seeded. 
1. VALERIANA, L. 
Characters those of the Family, the fruit being only one-celled. 
1. V. uliginosa, (T. & B.) Rydb. (Fig. 5, pl. 157.) Swamp 
VALERIAN. (V. sylvatica, Banks.) Plant smooth, erect, 4 to 2% ft. high. 
Basal leaves on long leaf-stalks, spatula-formed, often with one or more 
pairs of opposite narrow lobes at the base of the blade. Stem leaves of 
3 to 13 leaflets arranged on each side of the long leaf-stalk, 2 to 6 pairs 
and an odd leaflet. Flower cluster loosely pyramidal. Flowers pink or 
nearly white; the corolla tube short. Vermont, New York and westward. 
2. B. officinalis, L. (Fig. 4, pl. 157.) GArpen VALERIAN. A larger 
plant than No. 1, and all the leaves are divided like the stem leaves of 
V. uliginosa. Escaped from gardens, occasional. 
3. V. pauciflora, Michx. (Fig. 3, pl. 157.) LARGE-FLOWERED VaA- 
LERIAN. Stem smooth, erect or ascending, slender, 1 to 3 ft. high. Root 
leaves egg-shaped, heart-shaped at base, toothed at borders. Stem leaves 
compound feather-formed, of 3 to 7 leaflets. Flower cluster terminal; 
flowers fewer than in the other species, the tube of the corolla from } to 
nearly 1 in. long. Penna., and southward. May-June. 
2. VALERIANELLA, Poll. 
Characters as above, but the ovary is 3-celled, with only 1 cell ovule 
bearing: Flowers in dense terminal clusters. 
Rlowere. palerblue 5. <<. s) is oo eee ie eee ce et Boe eran 
Flowers white. 
Feriit, stiianeular 6) 21. eicle sta se) alan een. ae (CReRODOmNnalE 
arit, wAraripled!: Ss ce ey at ee ree) el fae cet) hel Sem ee 
MEME LONDG ta actei soi ts ite, eh Doe ie ne - « « V. Woodsiana 
1. V. Locusta, (L.) Bettke. - (Fig. 1, pl. 158.) EuRoprEAN CorN 
SaLap. Plant 6 to 12 in. high, smooth, repeatedly forked. Basal leaves 
spatula-form, rounded at apex, 1 to 2 in. long. Flower clusters dense, 
rounded, about 4 in. diameter. Corolla blue. Fruit somewhat orbicular 
in general outline. Waste places. Naturalized in places. April-July. 
2 a, chenopodifolia, (Pursh.) DC. (Fig. 2, pl. 158.) Goosr-rooT 
Corn SALap. Stem 1 to 2 ft. high, smooth. Leaves all spatula-formed, 
without teeth at margins. Flowers white. Fruit 3-angled, pyramidal, } 
of an inch high. Moist soil, New York and southward. May-July. 
3. V. radiata, (L.) Dufr. (Fig. 3, pl. 158.) Breakep Corn SALAD. 
Plant, 4 to 14 ft. high, smooth or with few hairs. Lower leaves spatula- 
