604 CUCURBITACEAE © 
without chaff. Calyx border consisting of 8 bristle points. Corolla 4- or 
5-lobed. Stamens 4 (rarely 2). Naturalized from Europe. 
K. arvensis, (L.) T. Coulter. (Fig. 5, pl. 158.) Fre~tp Scasious. 
Stem 1 to 3 ft. high, erect, slender, little branched. Lower leaves lance- 
shaped, on long leaf-stalks, often lobed on each side. Upper leaves with- 
out leaf-stalks, deeply lobed on each side. Flowers lilac purple. 
3. SUCCISA, (Rupp.) Neck. 
Rather tall herbs, resembling Knautia, but the flattened receptacle is 
decidedly chaffy, the chaff about equalling the flowers. 
S. australis, (Wulf.) Reichenb. (Fig. 6, pl. 158.) SourHEerNn Scas- 
ious. Stem usually dividing into 3s, 1 to 3 ft. high, rather hairy with 
short or stiff reflexed hairs. Leaves lance-shaped, borders not lobed or 
notched. Heads of flowers about 3 in. in diameter. Calyx with 5 teeth, 
not bristled. Corolla light blue. Meadows and cultivated fields. Intro- 
duced. Occasional. 
Order X.—CAMPANULALES. Order of Aggregated 
Flowers 
The calyx or the plumous hairs representing it, always above 
the ovary. Stamens usually 5. When a corolla is present (as it 
is in the non-aggregated flowers) it is 5-lobed and the calyx is 
5-lobed, the 5 stamens alternating with the 5 lobes of the corolla. 
The stamens are not, as in the former order, attached to the tube 
of the corolla, but arise from the summit of the ovary. In the 
Campanulaceae and Cucurbitaceae the corolla and calyx are each 
fully developed, in the other families one or both may be reduced 
to an aigrette of hairs or scales. 
Flowers not aggregate on a common receptacle. 
Vines es) wk ee he 6S CUCU REET ARI 
Krect herbs)... . .«. . 3. » CAMPANUERAGHES 
Flowers aggregate on a common receptacle subtended by an 
involucre. 
Flowers all ray flowers. . . . .. . CICHORIACEAE 
Flowers all tubular or the outer row ray flowers. 
Stamens distinct or nearly so . . AMBROSIACEAE 
Stamens united by their anthers (except in 
Kuhnia) oe ee ee a) Wits 
Famity I.—CUCURBITACEAE. Gourp FamtIty 
Herbaceous climbing vines, usually climbing by tendrils, Leaves 
