THISTLE FAMILY 645 
4. §. bicolor, L. (Fig. 3, pl. 174.) Wire GoLtpENrop. Stem 3 to 
4 ft. high, usually gray with soft hairs as are the leaves. Basal leaves 
elliptic to inversely egg-shaped on long leaf-stalks, with low teeth at mar- 
gins, upper elliptic, small. Flowers axillary in crowded clusters, white. 
Dry soil, common. July-Sept. 
5. ‘S. hispida, Muhl. (Fig. 2, pl. 173.) Harry GoLpenrop. Re- 
sembles No. 4, but rays are yellow. Dry soil, somewhat common. Aug.- 
Oct. 
6. S. erecta, Pursh. (Fig. 3, pl. 173.) SLENDER GoLpENRoD. Closely 
resembles the two preceding species, but is nearly destitute of hairs, while 
the others are very hairy. Rays yellow. Dry soil, southern part of our 
area, 
7. §. macrophylla, Pursh. (Fig. 4, pl. 173.) LaArcr-LEAvED GoLDEN- 
ROD. Stem 34 to 4 ft. high, striped, with few or no hairs. Leaves egg- 
shaped, tapering at each end, 3 to 5 in. long, on rather long leaf-stalks, 
margins sharply toothed; the upper leaves smaller and changing to lance- 
shaped. Flower heads large (% in. high) in a loose spike. Rays yellow, 
conspicuous. Woods, Catskill Mountains, and northward. July-Sept. 
8. §. puberula, Nutt. (Fig. 5, pl. 173.) Downy Goxpenrop. Stem 
slender, 1 to 3 ft. high, with a thin down or none. Lower leaves spatula- 
formed, tapering to a long leaf-stalk, sharply toothed. Heads many in a 
narrow spike-like cluster; rays yellow. Sandy soil, northern New York, 
and southward. Aug.-Sept. 
9. §. stricta, Ait. (Fig. 6, pl. 173.) WaAnpD-LIKE GoLDENROD. Stem 
slender, erect, 2 to 8 ft. high; the whole plant smooth. Stem leaves are 
reduced almost to scales, which are lance-shaped to oval, applied close to 
the stem. Lower leaves oblong or elliptic, without teeth or notches at 
margins, 3 to 8 in. long and on long leaf-stalks. Flower heads crowded 
in a narrow spike-like terminal cluster. Pine barrens, New Jersey, and 
southward. Aug.-Oct. 
10. §. uliginosa, Nutt. (Fig. 1, pl. 175.) Bog Gotprnrop. Stem 
simple, erect, smooth, 2 to 3 ft. high. Lower leaves broad lance-shaped 
on long leaf-stalks, upper narrow lance-shaped without leaf-stalks, mar- 
gins with low teeth. Flower heads in a dense narrow cluster, the short 
stems of the heads tending in toward the stem. Swamps, throughout 
most of our area. Aug.-Sept. 
lI. §. speciosa, Nutt. (Fig. 3, pl. 175.) Snowy GorpEenrop. Stem 
stout, 3 to 7 ft. high, smooth. Leaves smooth with low toothed margins, 
oval or egg-shaped, the lower tapering to long leaf-stalks, the blade 4 to 
10 in, long. Upper leaves lance-shaped, without leaf-stalks. Flower heads 
in a broad pyramidal cluster, the branches bearing the heads diverging 
from the stem. Rays yellow. A tall and conspicuous species. Rich soil, 
throughout our range. Aug.-Oct. 
12. §. Purshii, Porter. (Fig. 7, pl. 173.) RiveR-BANK GOLDENROD. 
Stem 4 to 1} ft. high, simple, smooth. Leaves lance-shaped, the lower 
toothed, 2 to 6 in. long, the upper entire. Heads few in a simple rather 
elongated cluster. River banks, most of our area. July-Sept. 
13. §S. alpestris, Wald. and Kit. (Fig. 8, pl. 173.) ALpine GoLpEN- 
Rop. Stems simple, often in tufts; 3 to 12 in. high. Basal leaves spatula- 
