648 COMPOSITAE 
Stem rather stout, 2 to 4 ft. high, smooth or somewhat rough above. Basal 
leaves long, sometimes 12 in., lance-shaped, tapering to a margined leaf- 
stalk. Upper leaves smaller, lance-shaped, without leaf-stalks. Heads % 
to } in. high, somewhat in one-sided clusters, rays small, 3 to 8 to a head. 
Swamps, much of our area. Aug.-Sept. 
23. §. uniligulata, (DC.) Porter. (Fig. 4, pl. 175.) FErEw-RayED 
GOLDENROD. Stem stout, smooth, not as leafy as the last three, 2 to 3 ft. 
high. Leaves lance-shaped or oblong-lance-shaped, finely and sharply 
toothed, the lower tapering to a long leaf-stalk, the upper quite small 
and narrowly linear or lance-shaped. Cluster of heads short, densely 
crowded in an elongated somewhat pyramidal but one-sided group. Rays 
in each head few, 1 to 4. Swamps, Maine to New York, and New Jersey. 
Aug.-Sept. 
24. §. juncea, Ait. (Fig. 1, pl. 174.) Earty Gotpenrop. Stem 
smooth, 1 to 4 ft. high. Leaves smooth, the lower lance-shaped to oval, 
sharply toothed on long leaf-stalks, the blade 4 to 12 in. long. Upper 
leaves lance-shaped, the uppermost without teeth. Clusters of heads large, 
one-sided, becoming flattened or drooping. Rays small, 7 to 12 to each 
head. Dry soil, our area. June-Nov. : 
25. §. arguta, Ait. (Fig. 8, pl. 175.) Cur-LEAvED GoLpENRop. Stem 
angled, smooth, 2 to 4 ft. high. Leaves large, thin, coarsely toothed, the 
basal ones broadly egg-shaped, tapering to long leaf-stalks, the upper 
lance-shaped, the very highest not toothed. Heads in a spreading one- 
sided cluster. Rays large, 5 to 7 to a head. Rich woods. July-Oct. 
26. §S. nemoralis, Ait. (Fig. 2, pl. 175.) Gray GoLpENRop. Slender, 
34 to 2 ft. high. Leaves and stem finely and densely downy, giving to the 
plant an ashy-gray color. Basal and lower leaves spatula-formed or in- 
versely lance-shaped. Upper leaves gradually smaller of similar shape or 
more lance-shaped. Heads } to 4 in. high, rays 5 to 9. Dry soil, our area. 
July-Noy. 
27. §. serotina, Ait. (Fig. 3, pl. 176.) Late GoxtpEenrop. Stem 3 
to 8 ft. high, stout. Leaves lance-shaped, three-nerved, sharply toothed, 
without leaf-stalks, taper pointed at apex, narrowed to base. Heads in a 
more or less one-sided cluster, § to 4 in. high, rays 7 to 15. Our area. 
Aug.-Oct. 
28. §. canadensis, L. (Fig. 2, pl. 174.) Canapa GoLtpEenrop. Stem 
rough hairy, stout, 2 to 8 ft. high. Leaves lance-shaped, tapering to a 
sharp point at apex, and less sharply at base, coarsely toothed at margins, 
distinctly 3-veined, 3 to 6 in. long. Heads small, rays very short in one- 
sided cluster of recurved branches. Borders of woods and thickets and 
in fields, very common, known as Yellow Weed. Aug.-Nov. 
29. §. rigida, L. (Fig. 4, pl. 177.) Harp-teEaAvep GoLpENRop. Stem 
rough and somewhat whitish hoary, 1 to 5 ft. high. Leaves thick, rigid, 
oval or oblong, the lower tapering to a long leaf-stalk, the upper attached 
to stem by a broad base. Heads very numerous in a flattened cluster 
sometimes slightly one-sided or often spreading on all sides about alike. 
Heads large, over 30-flowered; rays 6 to 10, showy. Dry sandy soil. Aug.- 
Oct. 
30. §. ohioensis, Riddell. (Fig. 6, pl. 177.) Onto GoxpEnrop, 
