34 CROWFOOT FAMILY. 



§ 2. Sepals imbricated in (he bud. Not climbing, nor woody except in 8 and one of 20. 



* Pistils and ahenes several or many in a head, 1-seeded. 



-t- Petals none : sepals petal-like. 



2. HEPATICA. Involucre close to the flower, exactly imitating a 3-leaved calyx. 



Sepals 6 or more, oblong, resembling petals. Pistils 12-20. Stemless low 

 perennials, with rounded 3-lobed leaves and 1-flowered scapes. 



3. ANKMONE. Involucre of 2 or more opposite or whorled green leaves much 



below the flower. Sepals 4-20. Pistils very many in a close head (or fewer 

 in one species), forming pointed or tailed akenes. 



4. THALICTRUM. Involucre none, and stem-leaves all alternate, except in one 



species intermediate between this genus and Anemone. Sepals 4 or more. 

 Pistils 4-15, forming several-angled or grooved akenes. Perennials, with 

 small flowers in panicles or umbels, most of them dioecious, and with 

 ternately compound or decompound leaves. 

 ^_ H— Petals and sepals both conspicuous, 5 or more. Akenes naked, short-pointed. 



5. ADONIS. Petals and sepals naked, no pit or appendage at the base. Akenes 



in a head or short spike. 



6. MYOSURUS. Sepals with a spur at the base underneath. Petals on a slender 



claw, which is hollow at its apex. Akenes in a long tail-shaped spike. 



7. RANUNCULUS. Sepals naked. Petals with a little pit or a scale on the short 



claw. Akenes in a head. 



* * Pistils several, 2-ovuled, becoming 1-2-seeded pods or berries. 



8. ZANTHORHIZA. Sepals 5, deciduous after flowering. Petals 5, small, 



2-lobed, on a claw. Stamens 5 - 10. Little pods 1-seeded. Undershrub, 

 with yellow wood and roots. 



9. HYDRASTIS. Sepals 3, falling when the flower opens. Petals none. P'ruit 



berry-like. Low perennial. 

 * * * Pistils several, few, or one, forming several-seeded pods or rarely berries. 

 •*- Sepals (4 or b) falling when thefiower opens, petal-like. Petals minute, and with, 

 claws, or none. Stamens numerous, white. Leaves ternately decompound. 



10. ACTjEA. Pistil only one, becoming a berry. Flowers in a short and thick 



raceme or cluster. 



11. CIMICIFUGA. Pistils 1-8, becoming pods in fruit. Flowers in long racemes. 



^- H- Sepals not falling when the flower opens, in 15 and 20 persistent even till the 

 fruit matures, in all the others j)etal-like and deciduous. 

 ■w Petals none at all: jloroers regular. 



12. CALTHA. Sepals 5-9. Pods several. Leaves simple and undivided, rounded. 

 ++ ++ Petals 5 or more inconspicuous nectar-bearing bodies, very much smaller than 



the sepals : Jlower regular. 



13. TROLLIUS. Sepals 5 -many. Petals with a little hollow near the base. 



Pods sessile. Leaves palmately parted and lobed. 



14. COPTIS. Sepals 5-7. Petals club-shaped and tubular at the top. Pods 



raised on slender stalks! Leaves with 3 leaflets. 



15. HELLEBORUS. Sepals 5, persistent, enlarging and turning green after flow- 



ering:! Petals hollow and 2-lipped. Leaves palmately or pedately divided. 



16. NIGELLA. Sepals 5. Petals 2-lobed. Pods 3-5 or more united"^ below into 



one! Annuals, with finely dissected leaves. 



*-*++++ Petals large hollow spurs projecting betioeen the sepals : Jlower regular. 



17. AQUILEGIA. Sepals 5. Pistils about 5, with slender styles, and forming 



narrow pods. Perennials, with ternately compound or decompound leaves. 

 *+++++<-<■ Petals 2 or 4, much smaller than the 5 unequal sepals : i. e. the flower 

 irregular and unsymmetrical. Leaves palmately lobed or parted. Pods 1-5. 



18. DELPHINIUM. Upper sepal spurred; the spur enclosing the spurs of the 



upper pair of petals: lower pair of petals spurless or wanting. 



19. ACONITUM. Upper sepals in the form of a hood or helmet, covering the two 



very long-clawed and peculiar little petals. 

 ++++++*+■•-»• Petals large and flat, of ordinary shape. Sepals herbaceous and 

 persistent ! Flowers large, regular. 



20. P^^ONIA. A fleshy disk surrounds the base of the 2 or more pistils, which 



form leathery pods in fruit. Seeds large, rather fleshj-^-coated. Perennials, 

 with compound or decompound leaves: one species shrubby. 



