' CROWFOOT FAMILY. 35 



1. CLEMATIS, VIRGIN'S-BOWER. (Ancient Greek name.) U Orna- 

 mental climbers, the stalks of their leaves or leaflets clasping the support, 

 and with somewhat woody stems, or a few are erect herbs. 



§ 1. Flowers (in spring) very large and widelf/ open (3' -6' across), ivith usuaili/ 

 many small petals or petal-like altered stamens : leaflets in threes. 



C. florida, Great-fl. C. Cult, from Japan, not hardy N. ; the flower 

 3' - 4' across, its 6 or more sepals broad-ovate and overlapping each other, white, 

 purplish, or with a purple centre of transformed stamens (var. Siekoldii); 

 leaves often twice compound. 



C. patens, (also called C. CfJERtiLEA, grandiflura, and various names 

 for varieties.) Cult, from Japan, hardy. Flower 5' -7' across, with 6-9 or 

 more oblong or lance-shaped sepals, blue, purple, &c. ; leaflets simply in threes. 



C. verticillaris (or AtrAgene Americana), with flowers about 3' across, 

 of 4 bluish-purple sepals, is rather scarce in rocky woods or ravines N. and in 

 mountainous parts. 



§ 2. Flowers {in summer) pretty large, of only 4 sepals, and no petals whatever, 

 not ivhite, solitary on the naked peduncle as in § 1. 

 * Leaves [except the uppermost) pinnate or of 3 or more leaflets : climbers. 

 C. Vitieella, Vine-Bower C. Cult, from Eu. ; a hardy climber, -with 

 flower 2' -3' across; the widely spreading sepals obovate, thin, either purple or 

 blue ; akenes with short naked" points. 



C. graveolens. Heavt-scented C. Cult, from Thibet, recently intro- 

 duced, very hardy ; with open yellow flowers \^' across, long and feathery tails 

 to the akenes, and sharp-pointed leaflets. 



C. Viorna, Leather-flowered C. Wild from Penn. and Ohio S., in 

 moist soil ; flower of very thick leathery sepals, pitrple or purplish, 1 ' long or 

 more, erect, and with the narrow tips only spreading or recurved ; akenes with 

 very feathery tails. 



* * Leaves simple, entire, sessile: low erect herbs : tails feathery. 



C. integrif61ia, Entire-leaved C. Cult, from Eu., sparingly. Stem 

 simple ; leaves oval or oblong; flower blue, 1' long. 



C. oehroletica, Pale C. Wild from Staten Island S., but scarce, has 

 ovate silky leaves and a dull silky flower. 



§ 3. Flowers (in summer) small, white, panicled, succeeded by feathery-tailed akenes. 



C. recta, Upright Virgin's-Bower. Cult, from Eu. Nearly erect herb, 

 3° -4° high, with large panicles of white flowers, in early summer; leaves pin- 

 nate ; leaflets ovate or slightly heart-shaped, pointed, entire. 



C. Flammula, Sweet-scented V. Cult, from Eu. Climbing freely, 

 with copious sweet-scented flowers at midsummer; leaflets 3-5 or more, of 

 various shapes, often lobed or cut. 



C. Virgini^na, Common Wild V. Climbing high, with dioecious flow- 

 ers late in summer ; leaflets 3, cut-toothed or lobed. 



2. HEPATIC A, LIVER-LEAF, HEPATICA. (Shape of the 3-lobed 

 leaves likened to that of the liver.) Among the earliest spring flowers, y. The 

 involucre is so close to the flower and of sucii size and shape that it is most 

 likely to be mistaken for a calyx, and the colored sepals for petals. 



H. triloba, Round-lobed H. Leaves with 3 broad and rounded lobes, 

 appearing later than the flowers, and lasting over the winter ; stalks hairy ; 

 flowers blue, purple, or almost white. Woods, common E. Full double- 

 flowered varieties, blue and purple, are cult, from Eu. 



H. aeutiloba, Sharp-lobed H. Wild from Vermont W. ; has pointed 

 lobes to the leaves, sometimes H of them, and paler flowers. 



3. ANEMONE, AN^MONY, WIND-FLOWER. (Fancifully so named 

 by the Greeks, because growing in windy places, or blossoming at the windy 

 season, it is doubtful which.) y. Erect herbs, with all the stem-leaves above 

 and opposite or whorled, forming the involucre or involucels. Peduncles 

 1 -flowered. 



