124 ROSE FAMILY. 



§ 2. Petals ydloio : receptacle tasteless : runners bearing leaves and \-flowered 

 peduncles : calyx with 5 external pieces very large, leaf-like, and 3-lobed. 



F. Indica, Indian S., of Upper India, &c. : cult., running wild S. E., 

 rather handsome both in flower and (red) fruit, which are produced all summer 

 and autumn. 



9. DAIjIBARDA. (Named for Dalibard, an early botanist of Paris.) 2/ 

 D. ripens, of wooded slopes N., is a low, stemless, tufted, downy little 



plant, spreading more or less by subterranean runners, with the aspect of a 

 Violet, the scapes bearing one or two delicate white flowers, in summer. 



10. RITBUS, BRAMBLE, &c. (The Roman name, connected with ruber, 

 red.) y. 



§ 1. Flowering Raspberries, with simple leaves and broad Jlattish fruit, the 

 very small and numerous reddish or amber-colored grains at length separat- 

 ing from the persistent receptacle. 



R. odoratUS, Purple F. Dells, &c., N. : shrubby, 3° -5° high, clammy- 

 bristly and odorous, not prickly ; with ample 3 - 5-lobed leaves, the lobes ]jointed 

 and the middle one longest, peduncles many-flowered, calyx-lobes with long 

 slender tips, and petals purple-rose-color ; the showy flowers l'-2' across, pro- 

 duced all summer. 



R. Nutk^nus, White F. From Upper Michigan to Pacific, and cult. : 

 like the other, but less bristly and clammy, with leaves more equally 5-Iobed and 

 coarsely toothed, and fewer flowers with narrower white petals. 



§2. True Raspberries, iot'^A S-h leaflets, the fruit falling when ripe from 

 the then dry narrow receptacle : flowers with small ivhite erect petals, in early 

 summer, on leafy shoots of the season ivhich (in all but the first) spring 

 from prickly more or less woody stems of the preceding year. 



R. trijAorus, Dwarf Raspberry. Low woods N. ; almost wholly her- 

 baceous, slender, trailing, not prickly, with thin smooth leaves, of 3 rhombic- 

 ovate acute leaflets, or the side-leaflets parted, making 5, all doubly serrate, 

 peduncle bearing 1-3 small flowers, and the fruit of few grains. 



R. oceidentklis, Black R. or Tiiimbleuerry. Borders of fields and 

 thickets N., especially where ground has been burned over : glaucous-whitened, 

 the long recurving stems, stalks, &c. armed with hooked prickles, but no bris- 

 tles ; leaflets mostly 3, ovate, pointed, white-downy benCath, coarsely doubly 

 toothed, the lateral ones stalked ; petals shorter than the sepals ; fruit purple- 

 black (or an amber-colored variety), flattish, ripe at midsummer. 



R. Idaeus, Garden R. Cult, from Eu. for the fruit : tall and nearly 

 erect, beset with straigbt slender prickles or many of them mere bristles ; leaves 

 thicker, and fruit firmer and larger than in the next red or yellowish, ripening 

 through the summer. 



R. Strig6sus, Wild Red R. Common especially N. : 2° -3° high, the 

 upright steins, stalks, &c. beset with copious bristles, and some of them becom- 

 ing weak prickles, also glandular ; leaflets oblong-ovatc, pointed, cut-serrate, 

 white-downy beneath, the lateral ones (either one or two pairs) not stalked; 

 petals as long as the sepals ; fruit light-red, tender and watery but high-flav- 

 ored, ripening all summer. 



§ 3. Blackberries, with the pulpy grains of the fruit remaining attached to the 

 pulpy receptacle, ivhich at length falls away from the calyx : stems prickly : 

 leaves o/'3 or pedately 5-7 leaf its : fowers on leafy snoots from stems of 

 the preceding year, in spring and early summer, ivith white spreading petals. 



* Stems more or less woody: fruit black when ripe, eatable, the blackberries of the 

 market, ripening in late summer and autumn. 



R. villdsus, High Blackberry. Everywhere along thickets, fence- 

 rows, &c., and several varieties cult.: stems l°-6° high, furrowed; |)ricklc8 

 strong and hooked ; leaflets 3 -.5, ovate or lance-ovate, pointed, their lower sur- 

 face and stalks hairy and glandular, the middle one long-stalked and sometimes 



