136 SAXIFRAGE FAMILY. 



* Flowers very small : stamens and styles protruding/. 



H. Americana, Common A. : the only one N. and E. of Penn., has 



scapes and loose panicle (2°-3° high) clammy-glandular and often hairy, 

 leaves with rounded lobes, and greenish flowers in early summer. 



H. vill6sa, from Maryland and Kentucky S. along the upper country, is 

 lower, beset with soft often rusty hairs, has deeper-lobed leaves, and very small 

 white or whitish flowers, later in summer. 



♦ * Flowers larger (the calyx fully 4' long), in a najrower panicle, greenish, with 



stamens little if at all protruding : leaves round arid slightly 5 - 9-lobed. 



H. hispida. Mountains of Virginia and N. W. Tall (scape 2° -4° 

 high), usually with spreading hairs ; stamens a little protruding. 



H. pubescens. From S. Penn. S. Scapes (l°-3° high) and petioles 

 roughish-glandular rather than pubescent ; stamens shorter than the lobes of 

 the calyx. 



9. BOYKINIA. (Named for the late Dr. Boyhin, of Georgia.) X 



B. aconitifolia, occurs only along the Alleghanies from Virginia S. : 

 stem clammy-glandular, bearing 3 or 4 alternate palmately 5 - 7-cleft and cut 

 leaves and a cyme of rather small white flowers, in summer. There is one very 

 like it in Oregon and California. 



10. SAXIFRAGA, SAXIFRAGE. (Latin name, means rock-lreaker ; 

 many species I'ooting in the clefts of rocks.) Besides the following, there are 

 a number of rare or local wild species. 



« Wdd species, ivith leaves all clustered at the perennial root, the naked scape 

 clammij above and hearing many small foivers in a panicle or cyme, the two 

 ovaries united barely at the base, making at length a pair of' nearly separate 

 divergent pods. 



S. Virginiensis, Early S. On rocks and moist banks ; with obovate 

 er wedge-spatulate thickish more or less toothed leaves in an open cluster, scape 

 3' -9' high, bearing in early spring white flowers in a dense cluster, which 

 at length opens into a loose paniclcd cyme"; calyx not half the length of the 

 petals ; pods turning purple. 



S. Pennsylvanica, Swamp S. In low wet ground N. ; with lance- 

 oblong or oblanceolate obtuse leaves (4' -8' long) obscurely toothed and nar- 

 rowed into a very short broad petiole, scape l°-2° high, bearing small 

 greenish flowers in an oblong cluster, opening with age into a looser panicle (in 

 spring) ; the reflexed lobes of the calyx as long as the lance-linear petals. 



S. erosa, Lettuce S. Cold brooks, from Penn. S. along the Alle- 

 ghanies ; the lance-oblong obtuse leaves (8' -12' long) sharply erosely toothed ; 

 scape l°-3° high, bearing a loose panicle of slender-pedicelled small white 

 flowers (in summer) ; with reflexed sepals as long as the oval petals, an,d club- 

 shaped filaments. 



* * Exotic species, cult, for ornament : leaves all clustered at the perennial root : 



ovaries 2, or sometimes 3-4, almost separate, becoming as many nearly dis- 

 tinct pods. 



S. Crassif61ia, Thick-leaved S. Cult, from Siberia, very smooth, with 

 fleshy and crceijing or jjrostratc rootstocks, sending up thick roundisli-obovate 

 nearly evergreen leaves, G' - 9' long, and scapes bearing an ample at first com- 

 pact cyme of hirge bright rose-colored flowers, in early spring. 



S. sarmentosa, Beefsteak S., also called Strawherrt Geranium. 

 Cult, from China and Japan as a house-plant, not quite hardy N., rather hairy, 

 witli rounded heart-s]ia])ed or kidney-sha])ed and d<)ut)ly tootiicd leaves of fleshy 

 texture, ])urple underneath, green-veined or mottled with wJiite above, on shaggy 

 petioles, from their axils sending off slender strawberry-like runners, l)y which 

 the plant is multii)lied, and scajjcs bearing a liglit very ojien panicle of irregular 

 flowers, with 3 of the jjetals small rose-pink and yellow-spotted, and 2 much 

 longer and nearly white ones lanceolate and hanging. 



