PARSLEY FAMILY. 165 



7. CONIUM, POISON HEMLOCK. (Greek name of the Hemlock by 

 which criminals and philosophers were put to death at Athens.) 



C. macul^tum, Spotted H. Waste grounds, run wild, from Eu. : 

 a smooth, branching herb, witli spotted stems about 3° high, very compound 

 leaves with lanceolate and pinnatitid leaflets, ill-scented when bruised : a virulent 

 poison, used in medicine : tt. summer. @ 



8. CICtjTA, WATER-HEMLOCK. (Ancient Latin name of the true 

 Hemlock, transferred to some equally poisonous plants.) Fl. summer. ^ 

 C. macul^ta, Spotted Cowbane, Musquash-Root, Beaver-Poison, 



&c. Tall smooth stem sometimes streaked with purple, but seldom really 

 spotted ; leaflets lance-oblong, coarsely toothed or sometimes cut-lobed, veiny, 

 the main veins mostly running into the notches ; fruit aromatic when bruised ; 

 root a dead/i/ poison. 



9. SIUM, WATER-PARSNIP. (Old name, of obscure meaning.) :^ 



S. linear©, the common species, in water and wet places : tall, smooth, 

 with grooved-angled stems, simply pinnate leaves, the long leaflets linear or 

 lanceolate, very sharply serrate and taper-pointed, and globular fruit with 

 wing-like corky ribs : fl. all summer. Root and herbage also poisonous. 



10. APIUM, CELERY, &c. (Old Latin name.) One species cult.: viz. 

 A. graveolens. A strong-scented, acrid, if not poisonous plant, of the 



coast of Europe ; of which the var. dulce. Garden Celery, is a state rendered 

 bland and the base of the leafstalks enlarged, succulent and edible when 

 blanched, through long cultivation; leaves pinnately divided into 3-7 coarse 

 and wedge-shaped cut or lobed leaflets or divisions ; umbels and fruits small. 

 Var. RAPA.CEUM, Turnip-rooted Celery, is a state with the root enlarged 

 and eatable. (2) 



11. CARUM, CARAWAY, &c. (Name perhaps from the country, Can'a.) 

 § 1. True Caraway, with finely pinnately compound leaves, and white flowers. 

 C. Carui, Garden Caraway : cult, from Eu., for the caraway-seed, the 



oblong highly aromatic fruit ; stem-leaves with slender but short thread-shaped 

 divisions. 



§ 2. Parsley or Petroselinum, with coarser leaves and greenish flowers. 

 C Petroselinum (or Petroselinum sativum). Parsley: cult, from 

 Eu., especially the curled-leaved state, for the pleasant-flavored foliage, used in 

 cookery, chiefly the root-leaves, which have ovate and wedge-shaped 3-lobed and 

 cut-toothed divisions ; fruit ovate. @ 



12. FCENICULUM, FENNEL. (Name from the Latin flxrium, hay.) 

 F. vulgare. Common F. Cult, from Eu., for the sweet-aromatic foliage 



and fruit : stout very smooth herb 4"^ - 6° high ; leaves with very numerous 

 and slender thread-shaped divisions ; large umbel with no involucre or involu- 

 cels ; fruit i' or J' long, in late summer. 2/ 



13. LEViSTICUM, LOVAGE. (Ancient Latin name.) One species. 

 L. officinale, Garden L. Cult, in old gardens, from Eu. : a tall, very 



smooth, sweet aromatic herb, with large tcrnately or pinnately decompound 

 leaves, coarse wedge-oblong and cut or lobed leaflets, a thick root, and small 

 many-flowered umbels. 2/ 



14. ARCHANGELICA. (Genus established on a species of Angelica.) 

 Fl. summer. ^^ 



A. atropurptirea, Great A. Moist deep soil N. : strong-scented, 



smooth, with very stout dark-purple stem 3° - 6° high, lar<;e leaves tcrnately 

 comjjound, and the divisions with 5-7 pinnate leaflets, which arc ovate and 



