168 DOGWOOD FAMILY. 



which are slightly woody, bearing 4-6 ovate or oval leaves at the summit, aa 

 if in a whorl, below the stalked flower-head ; petal-like leaves of the involucre 

 ovate ; fruitj globular, in a cluster, rather eatable. 



C. fl6rida, Flowering Dogwood. Rocky woods, also planted for orna- 

 ment : tree 12° -30° high, with ovate pointed leaves, petal-like leaves of the 

 involucre (H'long) obcordate or obovate and notched, and oval fruits in a 

 head. According to common tradition flowering just at the proper time for 

 planting Indian Corn. 



§ 2. Flowers yellow [earlier than the leaves), in a small umbel, surrounded by 



a small and dull-colored involucre of 4 scales : fruit bright red. 

 C. Mas. Sparingly planted from Eu. : a tall shrub or low tree, with oval 

 pointed leaves and handsome oblong fruit, the pulp eatable and pleasantly acid. 



§ 3. Flowers ivhite in open and flat cymes, without involucre, in early summer: 

 fruit small, globular, not eatable, blue or white, in an exotic species black. 

 * Branches of the previous year red or purple, especially in spring. 



C. sanguinea, European Red-Osier D. Sometimes planted from Eu. : 

 erect, with ovate leaves rather downy beneath, and black or dark purple fruit. 



C. Stolonifera, Wild Red-Osier D. Shrub 3° -6° high, in wet places 

 N., spreading by prostrate or subteiTanean running shoots, smooth, with ovate 

 abruptly pointed leaves roughish both sides and whitish beneath, small cymes, 

 and white or lead-colored fruit. 



C. sericea, Silky D. or Kinnikinnik (the dry bark smoked by the In- 

 dians W. ) : in wet places, has dull red branches, the shoots, cymes, and lower 

 fece of the narrow ovate or oblong pointed leaves silky-downy ; fruit bluish. 

 * * Branches brownish or gray. 



C. asperifdiia, Rough-leaved D. Dry soil from Illinois S. : shrub 

 3° - 5° high, with branches and small oblong or ovate leaves pubescent, upper 

 face of the latter rough, the lower downy ; cymes small and flat ; fruit bluish. 



C. Stricta, Stiff D. Wet grounds S. : shrub 8° -15° high, with ovate 

 or lance-ovate taper-pointed leaves smooth and green both sides, loose flat 

 cymes, and pale blue fruit. 



C. paniculata, Panicled D. Moist grounds, common N. : sfirub 3° -8° 

 high, much branched, smooth, with ash-colored bark, lance-ovate pointed leaves 

 acute at base and whitish beneath, and proportionally large and numerous con- 

 vex cymes, often panicled ; fruit white. 



* * « Branches green streaked with brownish or whitish. 



C. circin^ta, Round-leaved D. Wooded hillsides, &c. : shrub 3°-10<* 

 ' high, with warty-dotted branches, pretty large round-oval and short-pointed 

 leaves downy beneath, small flat cymes, and light blue fruit. 



C. alternif61ia, Alternate-leaved D. Hillsides and banks of streams : 

 shrub or tree 8° - 25° high, with streaked alternate and spreading branches, 

 ovate or oblong taper-pointed leaves acute at base and only minutely pubescent 

 beneath, mostly alternate, but crowded at the end of the branches ; cymes large 

 and flat, very open ; ft-uit bright blue on reddish stalks. 



2. AXJCUBA. The Japanese name of the species commonly cultivated as 

 a house-plant, viz. 



A. Japdniea. Shrub, with large ovate-oblong leaves bright green and 

 usually marbled with yellow, the flowers inconspicuous, but the red berries 

 when formed handsome. 



3. NYSSA, TUPELO, PEPPERIDGE, SOUR GUM-TREE. (The 

 Greek name of a Nymph, of no very obvious application to these trees. _) 

 Fl. spring. Fruit acid. 



* Sterile flowers in loose clusters : fruit blue, not eatable. 



TS. multifldra, Common Tupelo or Sour Gum, in rich woods, N. & S. : 

 tree 30° - 50° high, with horizontal branches and Beeeh-likc spray, ovate or 

 obovate leaves entire and smooth or glossy when old, fertile flowers 3 - 8 on the 



