172 HONEYSUCKLE FAMILY. 



6. VIBURNUM, ARROW-WOOD, &c. (Ancient Latin name, of un- 

 certain meaning. ) Flowers white, or nearly so, in spring or early summer : 

 fruit ripe in autumn. 



§ 1 . Flowers all alike, small, and perfect. 

 * Cult, or planted from S. Europe, with evergreen smooth entire leaves. 



V. Tinus, Laueestinds. Not hardy N., but a common house-plant, 

 winter-flowering, or planted out in summer ; leaves oblong ; fruit dark purple. 



* * Wild species, some occasionally planted : leaves deciduous, at least N. 



■*- Leaves not tobed nor coarsely toothed, smooth or with some minute scurf: fruit 

 black or with a bluish bloom. 

 •M- Leaves glossy, finely and evenly serrate witli very sharp teeth. 

 V. LentagO, Sheep-berry. Tree 15° -30° high, common in moist 

 grounds, chietiy N. ; leaves ovate, conspicuously pointed, on long margined 

 petioles ; cyme broad, sessile ; fruit oval, j' or more long, sweet, eatable. 



V. prunifblium, Black Haw. Dry soil, from Conn, to 111. and S. : 

 hardly so tall as the preceding, with smaller and oval mostly blunt leaves. 

 ++ -M- Leaves entire or with a few wavy or crenate small teeth, thickish. 



v. obovktum. Along streams from Virginia S. : shrub with obovate 

 leaves seldom over 1' long, and small sessile cymes. 



V. nudum, Withe-rod. Swamps, from New England to Florida; with 

 leaves oval, oblong, or almost lanceolate, not glossy ; cyme on a peduncle ; fruit 

 roundish. 



-I- ■*- Leaves coarsely toothed, strongly feather-veined, the veins prominently marked, 

 straight and simple or nearly so : fruit small: cyme peduncled. 



V. dent^tum. Arrow-wood (the stems having been used by the Indians 

 to make arrows). Common in wet soil, 5°- 10° higli, smooth, with ash-colored 

 bark, pale and broadly ovate evenly shai-p-toothed leaves, on slender petioles, 

 and bright blue fruit. 



V. molle, Soft A. From Kentucky S., soft-downy, with less sharply 

 toothed oval or obovate leaves, on slender petioles, and blue oily fruit. 



V. pubescens. Downy a. Rocky grounds, N. & W. ; a low and strag- 

 gling shrub, with ovate or oblong and acute or taper-pointed leaves, having 

 rather few coarse teeth, their lower surface and the very short petioles soft-downy ; 

 fruit dark purple. 



-^ -I- -I- Leaves both coarsely toothed and somewhat 3-lobed, roundish, 3 - 5-ribbed 

 from the base and veiny : cymes slender-peduncled, small : fruit red. 



V. aeerifdlium, Maple-leaved A. or Dockmackie. Shrub 3°-60 

 high, in rocky woods, with 3-ribbed and 3-lobed leaves soft-downy beneath, their 

 pointed lobes diverging ; stamens slender. 



V. pauciflbrum. Cold woods, only far N. or on mountains ; with almost 

 smooth leaves 5-ribbed at base and 3-lobed at summit ; cyme few-flowered ; 

 fruit sour. 



§ 2. Flowers round the margin of the cyme neutral {without stamens or pistils) and 

 very much larger than the feitile ones, Ilydiangea-like and showy : petioles 

 bearing evident appendages which Imitate stipules : fruit red, sour. 



V. Opulus, Cranberry-tree. Tall and nearly smooth shrub, with gray 

 bark, scaly buds, 3 - 5-ribbcd and strongly 3-lobed leaves, the lobes pointed and 

 commonly few-toothed, and cymes ])eduncled. The wild form in low grounds 

 N. & E. ; the juicy acid fruit briLrht red, used as a substitute for cranberries 

 (whence the name of High Cranberry-bush). The long-cultivated form 

 from Europe, planted for ornament, under the name of Guelder Rose or 

 Snowball-tree, has most of the flowers of the cyme changed into enlarged 

 corollas. 



V. lantanoides, IIoBBLE-Busn (popular name from the straggling or 

 reclining branches taking root at the end, and forming loops ; the botanical 

 name because the leaves resemble the V. LantAna or Wayfaring-tkee of 



