COMPOSITE FAMILY. 199 



40. BELLIS, DAISY. (The old Latin name of the Daisy, from bellus, 

 pretty.) (Fl. spring and summer.) 



B. integrifblia, Western Wild Daisy : in open grounds from Kentucky 

 S. AV., has branching spreading stems 4' -10' long, bearing sonic lanccohite- 

 oblong or spatulate leaves, and terminal slender-peduncled heads with pale 

 blue-purple rays. ® ® 



B. perennis, True or English Daisy, cult, from Eu., mostly in double- 

 flowered varieties, i. e. with many or all the disk-flowers changed into rays, or, 

 in the common quilled form, all into tubes (pink or white) : in the natural state 

 the centre is yellow, the rays white and more or less purplish or crimson-tip]ied 

 underneath ; head solitary on a short scape ; leaves spatulate or obovate, all 

 clustered at the root. 11 



41. ACHILLEA, YARROW, SNEEZEWORT. (Named after ^cA«7/e5.) 

 Leafy-stemmed, with small heads in corymbs. 21 



A. Millefolium, Common Y. or Milfoil, abounds over fields and hills, 

 10' - 20' high, with leaves twice pinnately parted into very slender and crowded 

 linear 3 - 5-cleft divisions, heads crowded in a close flat corymb, with 4 or 5 

 short rays, white, sometimes rose-colored : all summer. 



A. Ptarmica, Sneezewort. Run wild from Eu. in a few places, cult, in 

 gardens, especially a full-double variety, which is pretty, fl. in autumn ; leaves 

 simple, lance-linear, sharply cut-serrate ; heads in a loose corymb, with 8-12 

 or more rariier long bright white rays. 



42. MARUTA, MAYWEED. (Meaning of the name uncertain.) Native 

 of the Old World. 



M. Cotula, or Anthemis Cotula, the Common Mayweed, along road- 

 sides, especially E. ; low, strong-scented and acrid, with leaves thrice pinnately 

 divided into slender leaflets or lobes, rather small heads terminating the branches, 

 with white rays and yellow centre ; all late summer. ® 



43. ANTHEMIS, CHAMOMILE. (Ancient Greek name, from the pro- 

 fusion of flowers.) Natives of Old World: fl. summer. Peduncles bearing 

 solitary or very few heads. 



A. arvdnsis. Field C. Resembles Mayweed and grows in similar places, 

 but rare, is not unpleasantly scented, has fertile rays and a minute border of 

 pappus. fT) (2) 



A. nobilis. Garden C, yields the Chamomile-flowers of the apothecaries, 

 spreads over the ground, very finely divided foliage pleasantly strong-scented ; 

 rays white ; pappus none. 2/ 



A. tinctoria. Yellow C, is cult, for ornament, but hardly common : 

 2° -3° high, with pinnately divided and again pinnatifid or cut-toothed leaves, 

 and heads as large as those of Whiteweed, with golden-yellow flowers, or the 

 rays sometimes white. 2/ 



44. CHRYSANTHEMUM, including LeucAnthemum and PYRi:- 

 THKUM. (Name means ffo/den flowers in Greek; but they are of various 

 colors.) All natives of Old World. 



§ 1. LeucAnthemum or Whiteweed and Feverfew : the ray-flowers 

 white, those of the centre mostly yellow. ^ 



C. LeucAnthemum, or LeucAnthemum vulgAre, the too common 

 Whiteweed or (),\-eve Daisy, filling meadows and pastures, and difficult to 

 eradicate ; has stems nearly simple and erect from the creeping base or root- 

 stock, bearing cut-toothed or slightly pinnatifid leaves below (the lowest spatu- 

 late, upi)er partly clasping), the naked summit bearing the single showy head, 

 in early summer. 2/ 



C. (or L.) Parthdnium, or Pyr^thrum Parthenium, Feverfew. 

 Cult, in old gardens, and ruuning wild; with branching leafy stems l°-3<» 



