COMPOSIT£ FAMILY. 205 



69. RUDEECKIA, CONE-FLOWER. {Teamed for Eudhedc, father and 

 son, Swedish botanists.) The following are the commonest species, all 

 natives of this country : fl. summer. 



§ 1. Disk broadly conical, dark-colored, the soft chaff not pointed: routjh-hairy 

 plants 1° - 2° hii/h, leafy belout, the uaktd summit of the stems or brunches 

 bearing single showy heads : leaves simple. 2/ 

 R. speeibsa, from Penn. W. & S., and cult, in some gardens ; leaves lan- 

 ceolate or ovate-lanceolate, pointed at both ends, 3-5-iierved, petioled, coarsely 

 toothed or cut. 



R. hirta, common in open ground W. & S., introduced into meadows E. 

 with cloyer-seed ; stems stout and mostly simple ; leaves nearly entire, trijjle- 

 ribbed, oblong-lanceolate or the lowest spatulate, the upper sessile. 



§ 2. Disk conical, dark-purple, the chaff awn-pointed : lower leaves often pinnately 

 parted or 3-cleft. @ 



R. triloba, from Penn. to 111. & S. ; hairy, 2° - 5° high, much branched, 

 with upper leaves lance-ovate and toothed, and the numerous small heads with 

 only about 8 rays. 



§ 3. Disk globular, pale dull brownish (receptacle sweet-scented), the chaff blunt 

 and downy at the end ; lower leaves 3-parted. 2/ 



R. subtomentbsa, of the prairies and plains W. ; somewhat downy, with 

 leafy stems 3° - 5° high, ovate or lance-ovate serrate upper leaves and short- 

 peduncled heads. 



§ 4. Disk oblong, or in fruit cylindrical and V long, greenish yellow, the chaff very 

 blunt and downy at the end : leaves all compound or ckft. Jl 



R. laciniata, Common Cone-Flower, in low thickets ; 3° - 7° high, 

 smooth, branching above ; lowest leaves pinnate with 5-7 cut or cleft leaflets, 

 upper ones 3 - 5-parted, or the uppermost undivided ; heads long-peduncled, 

 with linear drooping rays l'-2' long. 



60. LEPACHYS. (Supposed to be formed from Greek words for thick 

 and scale.) Receptacle anise-scented when ci'ushed. Fl. summer. 



Ii. pinn^lta, in dry soil from W. New York W. & S. : minutely roughish 

 and slightly hoary ; the slender leafy stems 3° - 5° high, bearing leaves of 3 - 7 

 lanceolate leaflets, and somewhat corymbed heads with the oval or oblong disk 

 much .shorter than the oblong drooping yellow rays ; akenes scarcely 2-toothed, 

 flattish, the inner edge hardly wing-margined. ^ 



L. COlumn^ris, of the plains W. of the Mississippi ; cult, for ornament ; 

 1° - 2° high, with single or few long-peduncled heads, their cylindrical disk often 

 becoming 2' long, and longer than the 5-8 broad drooping rays, these either 

 yellow, orvar. pulciierrima, with the base or lower half brown-purple ; akenes 

 1 - 2-toothed at top and winged down one edge. ^ 



61. DRACOPIS. (Name refers in some obscure way to a Z)ra5fo«.) © 



62. ECHINACEA, HEDGEHOG CONE-FLOWER. (Name means like 

 a hedgehog, viz. receptacle with prickly pointed chaif.) Fl. summer. % 



E. purpiirea, in prairies and open grounds from W. Penn. W. & S. : 

 stems l°-2° high from a thick and black pungent- tasted root (called Black 

 Sampson by quack-doctors), bearing ovate or lanceolate 5-ncrvcd and veiny 

 leaves, the lower long-jjetioled, and terminated by a large head; rays 15-20, 

 dull rosc-purj)!c. 



E. angUStifolia, from Wisconsin S., is a more slender form, with narrow 

 lanceolate 3-ncrved entire leaves, and 12- 15 brighter-colored rays. 



