324 ORCHIS FAMILY. 



lower face of which is the stigma. Lip broad, erect, with a recurving 

 rounded apex and a bearded crest down the face. Pollen-masses 4, two in 

 each cell of the anther. 



7. CALOPOGON. Flowers 2, 3, or several, in a raceme-like loose spike; the lip 



turned towards the axis, diverging widely from the slender (above wing-mar- 

 gined) style, narrower at base, larger and rounded at the apex, strongly 

 bearded along the face. Sepals and the 2 petals nearly alike, lance-ovate, 

 separate and spreading. Anther lid-like: pollen-masses 4. 



8. POGONIA. Flowers one or few terminating a leaf-bearing stem; the sepals 



and petals separate; lip crested or 3-lobed. Style club-shaped, wingless: 

 stigma lateral. Anther lid-like, somewhat stalked : pollen-masses 2, only one 

 in each cell. 



♦+ ++ Flowers mostly small, dull-colored, in a spike or raceme on a brownish or yel- 

 lowish leafless scape : pollen-masses 4, globular, soft-waxy. 



9. CORALLORHIZA. Flowers with sepals and petals nearly alike; the lip broader, 



2-ridged on the face below, from its base descends a short sac or obscure spur 

 which adheres to the upper part of the ovary. Scape with sheaths in place 

 of leaves ; the root or rootstock thickish, much branched and coral-like. 



10. APLECTRUM. Flowers as in No. 9, but no trace of a spur or sac, larger. 



Scape rising from a large solid bulb or corm, which also produces, at a differ- 

 ent season, a broad and many-nerved green leaf. 



« * Anthers 2 (Lessons p. Ill, fig. 226), borne one on each side of the style, and a 

 truwel-shajJed body on the upper side aiiswers to the third stamen, the one that 

 alone is present in other Orchids : pollen powdery or pulpy : stigma roughisn, 

 not glutinous. 



11. CYPRIPEDIUM. Sepals in appearance generally only 2, and petals 2, besides 



the lip which is a large inflated sac, into the mouth of which the style, bear- 

 ing the stamens and tenninated by the broad terminal stigma, is declined. 

 Pollen sticky on the surface, as if with a delicate coat of varnish, powdery or 

 at length pulpy underneath. 



1. EPIDENDUM. (Name in Greek means upon a tree, i. e. an epiphyte.) 

 E. conopseum, our only wild Orchideous Epiphyte or Air-plant, is found 



from South Carolina S. & W. on the boughs of Magnolia, &c., clinging to the 

 bark by its matted roots, its tuberous rootstocks bearing thick and firm lance- 

 olate leaves (l'-3' long), and scapes 2' -6' long, with a raceme of small greenish 

 and purplish flowers, in summer. (Lessons, p. 34, 35, fig. 35.) 



2. ORCHIS. (The ancient name, from the Greek. ) We have only one true 



Orchis, viz. 



O. spectabilis. Showy Orchis. Rich hilly woods N. ; with 2 oblong 

 obovate glossy leaves (3 '-5' long) from the fleshy-fibrous root, and a leafy- 

 bracted scape 4' -7' high, bearing in a loose spike a few pretty flowers, pink- 

 purple, the ovate lip white : in late spring. 



3. HABENARIA, popularly called ORCHIS. (Name from Latin hahena, 

 a rein or thong, from the shape of the lip of the corolla in some species.) 

 Flowers in a terminal spike, each in the axil of a bract, in late spring or sum- 

 mer- In all but one species the ovary twists and the lip occupies the lower or 

 anterior side of the flower. 



§ 1. Fringed Orchis. Lip and often the other petals cut fringed or cleft, 

 shorter than the long curving spur : cells of the anther more or less diverging 

 and tapering below, the sticky gland at their lower end strongly projecting 

 forwards. These are our handsomest wild Orchises : all grow in bogs or low 

 grounds: stems leafy, l°-4° high. 

 « Flowers violet-purple, in suinmer: the lip fan-shaped, 3-parted nearly down to the 



stalk-like base, and the divisions more or less fringed. 

 H. flmbri^ta, Larger Purple Fringed 0. Wet meadows from Pcnn. 

 N. E. : lower leaves oval or oblong, upper few and small ; raceme-like spike 

 oblong, with rather few large flowers in early summer ; petals oblong, toothed 

 down the sides ; lip almost 1 ' wide, hanging, cut into a delicate fringe. 



