372 CLUB-MOSS FAMILY. 



* * Fructification borne at the top or middle of an otherwise leafy frond. 



O. Claytoni^na. Wet places, common : sterile fronds much like those 

 of the last, but more obtuse at the top ; fertile ones with 2-4 pairs of contracted 

 and fertile lilackish pinnae just below the middle, — otherwise like the sterile. 



O. regalis, Royal Fern. Also common in swamps and wet woods, 

 fruitin<^ later than the others : fronds truly bipinnate ; pinnules oval or oltlong, 

 serrulate, obtuse, sometimes a little heart-shaped at base, or slightly auriclcd on 

 one side; fertile portion at the top of the frond, panicled; spore-cases light- 

 brown. 



29. BOTRYCHIUM, MOONWORT. (Name from the Greek word for 

 a bunch of grapes, from the appearance of the fructification.) Species very few, 

 none cultivated. 



B. tern^tum. Shaded grassy pastures and hillsides : plant fleshy, 3' -10' 

 high ; common stalk with two branches, a long-stalked fertile ond with twice or 

 thrice pinnate fructification facing a triangular ternately compound sterile por- 

 tion on a longer or shorter stalk. — Has several forms : var. lunarioides has 

 roundish kidney-shaped sterile divisions; in var. obliquum they are lanceolate 

 from an oblique base ; and in var. dissectum, pinna^fid into narrowly toothed 

 and ragt;cd lol)es. 



B. Virginicum. In rich woods : plant herbaceous, not fleshy, 6'- 18' high; 

 sterile portion sessile on the common stalk, thin, broadly triangular, ternate ; 

 the parts twice or thrice pinnate ; divisions thin, oblontr-lanceolate, incised or 

 toothed; fertile portion long-stalked, twice or thrice pinnate. — Other smaller 

 species occur rarely N. 



30. OPHIOGLOSSUM. (Greek equivalent of the common name) 



O. vulgitum, Adder's-tongue. Wet meadows or hillside pastures, 

 rare: 3'- 10' high; sterile portion somewhat fleshy, ovate or elliptical, entire, 

 l'-2' long, sessile near the middle of the stalk which supports the short two- 

 sided spike. — Some rare tropical species have large and palmate, or pendulous 

 and ribbon-like fronds. 



134. LYCOPODIACE^, CLUB-MOSS FAMILY. 



Flowerless plants, often moss-like or fern-like, with leafy, often 

 elongated and branching stems, the spores contained in rather large 

 solitary spore-cases borne in the axils of the simple mostly awl- 

 shaped leaves. 



§ 1. Grouiing on land : stems more or less elimgated and branching: leaves mostly 

 less than 1' long, often minute: spore-cases in the axils of the upper (often 

 transformed and imbricated) scale-like leaves. 



1. LYCOPODIUM. Mostly evergreen plants ; the leaves awl-shaped, in 4 or 



more rows ; the 2-valved kidney-shaped spore-cases all of one kind, contain- 

 ing only minute numberless spores. 



2. SEL AGINELL A. But one species evergreen N. ; leaves mostly flattened, rare- 



ly awl-shaped, mostly in 4 rows, two rows being of smaller leaves; spore-cases 

 of 2 kinds; one 2-valved and filled with minute spores, the other 3-4-valved 

 and containing very few large spores. 



§ 2. Gromng in water or mud : stems very short and corm-like : leaves rush-like, 

 elongated, with large spore-cases adhering to tlie upper surface of their dilated 

 bases, and as if imbedded in them. 



3. ISOETES. Outer spore-cases with large reticulated spores; inner ones with 



minute powdery spores. 



1. LYCOPODIUM, CLUB-MOSS. (Name from the Greek, meaning 

 wof's-foot, probably from the short hairy branches of L. clavatum. ) Species 

 about 100, in all parts of the world : the following all wild species. 



