WOODS AND THICKETS IN SUMMER 



143 



are very numerous, of a bright golden yellow-colour, forming a dense, 

 terminal panicle. The heads are not large, and each consists of 

 about twenty tubular disc-florets ; half the number of strap- 

 shaped ray-florets ; and an involucre of many overlapping bracts. 

 The pappus consists of many simple hau's. This species flowers 

 from July to September. 



Two species of Leopard's Bane 

 {Doronicum) are occasionally to be 

 seen in damp woods and thickets, 

 especially near villages. They are 

 not indigenous, only occurring as 

 escapes from gardens, but they have 

 now become well established as wild 

 flowers in many parts of Britain. 

 Both are tall, erect plants, from 

 two to three feet high, with large 

 yellow heads surrounded by two 

 or tliree ro^^ s of narrow, acute bracts. 

 Except in colour the heads much 

 resemble the Ox-e3'e Daisy. In 

 both species the achenes of the ray 

 have no pappus, but those of the 

 disc have a pappus of stiff hairs in 

 several rows. They flower from May 

 to July. 



The Great Leopard's Bane {D. 

 Pardalianches) has a creeping root- 

 stock and a hollow stem. Its radical 

 leaves are broadly heart-shaped, 

 shghtly toothed, on long stalks; 

 and the stem leaves are narrower, 

 entire or toothed, the upper ones 



small, sessile, embracing the stem ; and the lower ones stalked, 

 with a broad expansion at the base of the stalk which clasps the 

 stem. The heads are usually thi-ee or four in number, on long 

 leafless peduncles. 



The other species, the Plantain-leaved Leopard's Bane [D. 

 plantaginei(m), has, as its name denotes, leaves similar to those of 

 the Plaintain. It usually has sohtary flower-heads, and is repre- 

 sented on Plate I. 



Passing now to the favourite Bell-flowers (Order Campanulacece), 



Tele Saw-wort. 



