54 



BORAGINACEAE. 



[Vol. III. 



2. Cynoglossum Virginicum L. 

 Wild Comfrey. (Fig. 3020. ) 



Cynoglossum Virginicum L. Sp. PI. 134. 



1753- 



Perennial, hirsute; stem usually sim- 

 ple, leafless above, stout, i^°-2>^°high. 

 Basal and lower leaves oval or oblong, 

 4'-i2' long, obtuse at tlie apex, nar- 

 rowed into petioles; upper leaves ob- 

 long, or ovate-lanceolate, sessile and 

 clasping by a cordate base, acute, nearly 

 as large, or the one or two uppermost 

 quite small; racemes 2-6, corymbose, 

 bractless, long-peduncled; flowers blue, 

 about 5" broad; calyxsegmcnls oblong- 

 lanceolate, obtuse; fruit depressed, 4" 

 broad, the nutlets convex on the upper 

 face, not margined, separating and fall- 

 ing away at maturity. 



In woods, New Brunswick to western 

 Ontario, south to Florida, Louisiana and 

 Kansas. Ascends to 2500 ft. in Virginia. 

 April-May. 



3. LAPPULA Moench, Meth. 416. 1794. 

 [ECHINCSPERMUM Sw. ; Lehm. Asperif. 113. 181S.] 

 Annual or perennial rough-pubescent or canesceut erect branching herbs, with alternate 

 narrow entire leaves, and small or minute blue or white flowers, in terminal bracted or 

 bractless racemes. Calyx deeply 5-cleft or 5-parted, the segments narrow. Corolla salver- 

 form or funnelform, the tube very short, the throat closed by 5 scales, the lobes obtuse, 

 spreading, imbricated in the bud. Stamens included; filaments very short. Ovary 4-lobcd; 

 style short. Nutlets 4, erect or incurved, laterally attached to the receptacle, at length 

 separating, the margins or backs armed with stout often flattened barbed prickles, the sides 

 usually papillose or tuberculate. [Diminutive ol the Latin lappa, a bur.] 



About 40 species, mostly natives of the north temperate zone. Besides the following, several 

 others occur in western North America. 

 Racemes bracted; fruiting pedicels not deflexed. 

 1 Prickles in 2 rows on the margins of the nutlets, distinct. 



Prickles in i row on the margins, more or less confluent. 

 Racemes bracted only at the base; fruiting pedicels defle.xed. 



Stem leaves ovate-oblong, the basal cordate; fruit globose. 



Leaves oblong, oblong-lanceolate or linear; fruit pyramidal. 

 Flowers V'-5" broad; fruit about 3" broad. 

 Flowers i"-2" broad: fruit about 2" broad. 



1. L. Lappula. 



2. L. Texana. 



3. L. Virginiana. 



4. L. floribunda. 



5. L. Americana. 



I. Lappula Lappula (L.) Karst. 



European Stickseed. Burseed. (Fig. 3021.) 



Myosolis Lappula L. Sp. PI. 131. 1753. 

 Lappula Myosolis Moench, Meth. 417. 1794. 

 Echinospermuni Lappula Lehm. .\sperif. 121. 1818. 

 Lappula Lappula Karst. Deutsch. Fl. 979. 1880-83. 



Annual, pale, leafy, hispid or appressed-pubes- 



cent, branched, i°-2° high, the branches erect. 



Leaves linear, linear-oblong or the lowest spatu- 



late, sessile or the lower narrowed into petioles, 



ascending or erect, obtuse or obtusish at the 



apex. 



-lYi' long; racemes leafj- -bracted, more 



or less i-sided; pedicels very short, stout, not de- 

 flexed in fruit; cal\'x-segments lanceolate, be- 

 coming unequal and spreading; corolla blue, 

 about i" broad; fruit globose-oval, l>i" in diam- 

 eter; the nutlets papillose on the back, the mar- 

 gins,armcd with 2 rows of slender distinct prickles. 



In w.iste places. Nova Scotia to British Columbia, 

 south to New Jersey and Nebraska. Naturalized 

 from Europe. Native also of Asia. JIay-Sept. 



