VERBENACEAE. 



[Vol, III. 



I. Verbena officinalis L. luiropeau 



Vervain. Herb-of-the-Cross. Ber- 



bine. (Fig. 3057-) 



Verbena offidnalis L. Sp. PI. 20. 1753. 



Aunuat; stem4 sided, sleuiler.glabrous or near- 

 ly so, ascending or spreading, difTusely branched, 

 i°-3° liigli. Leaves minutely pubescent, the 

 lower deeply incised or 1-2 pinnalifid, ovate, ob- 

 long, or obovate in outliue, i'-3'long, narrowed 

 into margined petioles, the teeth acute; upper 

 leaves linear or lanceolate, acute, entire, sessile; 

 spikes several or numerous, filiform, at length 

 4'-5' long; fruits less than i" high, scattered 

 along the spikes, not at all imbricated; bracts 

 ovate, acuminate, shorter than the 5-toothed 

 calyx; corolla purplish or white, the limb \"-2" 

 broad. 



In waste and cultivated ground. Maine to Florida 

 and Texas. Also on the Pacific Coast. Naturalized 

 from the Old World. Sometimes a troublesome 

 weed. Called Holy-herb, Enchanters-plant. Juno's- 

 tears. Pigeon 's-gr£iss, Simpler's Joy. June-Sept. 



Wliite or Nettle-leaved Vervain. (Fig. 3058.) 



2. Verbena urticifolia L. 



I'erbena uriicifolia L. Sp. PI. 20. 1753. 



Perennial, usually pubescent; stem slender, strict, 

 erect, 4sided, paniculately branched above, 3°-5° 

 high, the branches upright. Leaves ovate, oblong, 

 or oblong-lanceolate, all petioled, or the upper- 

 most sessile, serrate-dentate all around, thin, acute 

 or acuminate, mostly rounded at the base, lYi's' 

 long; spikes numerous, filiform, erect, or spreading, 

 at length 4'-6' long; fruits oblong, scattered, not 

 at all imbricated, about \" high; bracts ovate, acu- 

 minate, shorter than the calyx; corolla white or 

 pale purple, its limb about \" broad. 



In fields and waste places. New Brunswick to 

 Minnesota, Florida and Texas. Hybridizes with K. 

 bracleosa, I'. Iiaslala and V. stricta. June-Sept. 

 Verbena urticifolia riparia (Raf. ) Britton, Mem. Torr. 



Club, 5' 276. 1894. 

 I'erbena riparia Raf.; Small & Heller, Mem. Torr. 



Club, 3: 12. 1892. 



Leaves incised, sometimes 3-cleft near the base; flow- 

 ers blue. River-banks, New Jersey to North Carolina. 



3. Verbena hastata L. Blue Vervain. 

 Wild Hyssop. (Fig. 3059.) 



Verbena haslala L. Sp. PI. 20. 1753. 



I'erbena paniculala Lam. Encycl. 8:548. 1S08. 



Perennial, roughish-puberulent ; stem erect, 

 strict, 4-sided, usually branched above, 3°-7° high. 

 Leaves oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, petioled, 

 acute or acuminate at the apex, narrowed at the 

 base, serrate or incised-dcntate with acute teeth, 

 3'-6' long, the lower sometimes hastately 3-lobed 

 at the base; spikes numerous, pauiclcd, slender, 

 usually peduucled, 2'-6' long; fruits densely 

 imbricated on the spikes, i"-i>^''' high; bracts 

 ovate, acuminate, shorter than the calyx; corolla 

 blue, its limb about i.'i" broad. 



In moist fields, meadows and in waste places. 

 Nova Scotia to British Columbia, south to Florida, 

 Nebraska 'and New Mexico. Hj-bridizes with V. 

 siriila and ('. bracleosa. June-Sept. 

 Verbena hastata pinnatifida iLam.) Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 276. 1894. 

 Verbena pinnali/ida Lam. Tabl. Encycl. ir.S". 1791 



L-aves deeply incised or pinnatifid. Occasional in the range of the type. 



