Vol.. III.] 



MINT FAMILY. 



91 



14. SYNANDRA Nutt. Gen. 2: 29. 1818. 



An annual or biennial, somewhat hirsute, simple or little branched herb, with long-peti- 

 olcd ovate cordate crenate leaves, and large white flowers in a terminal leafy-bracted spike. 

 Cah-x campanulateoblong, membranous, deeply 4 cleft, inflated in fruit, faintly and irregu- 

 larly veined, the lobes narrowly lanceolate, the two upp;r shorter than the lower. Corolla 

 much longer than the calyx, its tube narrow below, much expanded above, 2-lipped; upper 

 lip concave, entire; lower lip spreading, 3-lobed. Stamens 4, didynamous, ascending under 

 the upper lip of the corolla; filaments villous; anthers glabrous, 2-celled, the sacs divaricate, 

 the contiguous ones of the upper pair of stamens sterile and connate. Ovary deeply 4-lobed; 

 style unequally 2cleft at the summit. Nutlets ovoid, smooth, sharply angled. [Greek, 

 stamens-together.] 



A monotypic genus of southeastern North America. 



I. Synandra hispidula (Michx.) Britton. 

 Sj-nandra. (Fig. 3104.) 



Lamitini liispidiihim Michx. Fl. Bor. Am. 2: 4. 1S03. 

 Sv'iandra giandiflora Nutt. Gen. 2: 29. 1818. 

 Torteyagratidiflora Raf. Am. Month. Mag. 3:356. 1818. 

 6'. hispidula Britton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 285." 1S94. 



Stem rather slender, erect or ascending, weak, 

 jo_2^^o long, striate. Leaves thin, the lower and 

 basal ones broadly ovate, or nearly orbicular, pal- 

 mately veined, acute or obtuse at the apex, deeply 

 cordate at the base, the blade 2'-4' long, and com- 

 monly shorter than the petiole; floral leaves ses- 

 sile, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, 

 the flowers solitary in their axils, the uppermost 

 leaves very small; calyx hirsute, its lobes about as 

 long as the tube; corolla I'-i^' long, showy, the 

 lower lip with purple lines. 



Along streams and in wet woods, Ohio and Illinois to 

 southwestern Virginia and Tennessee. Ascends to 

 3500 ft. in Virginia. May-June. 



15. PHLOMIS L. Sp. PI. 584. 1753. 



Tall perennial herbs, or shrubs. Calyx tubular or tubular-campanulate, 5-10-nerved, 

 the limb mostly equally 5-toothed. Corolla-tube usually with a woolly ring within, shorter 

 than or exceeding the calyx, the limb strongly 2-lippcd; upper lip erect, concave, arched or 

 sometimes keeled, entire or emarginate; lower lip spreading, s-cleft. Stamens 4, didyna- 

 mous, ascending under the upper lip of the corolla, the anterior pair the longer and their 

 filaments with hooked appendages at the base; anther-sacs divergent. Ovary deeply 

 4-lobed; style subulate, 2-cleft at the summit, one of the lobes smaller than the other. 

 Nutlets ovoid, glabrous, or pubescent above. [Greek, mullen, in allusion to the thick 

 woolly leaves of some species.] 



About 50 species, natives of the Old World. 



I. Phlomis tuberosa L. Jerusalem Sage. 



(Fig. 3105.) 



Phlomis tuberosa L. Sp. PI. 586. 1753. 



Herbaceous from a thickened root; stem stout, 

 purplish, glabrous or loosely pubescent above, usu- 

 ally much branched, 3°-6° tall, the branches nearly 

 erect. Lower leaves triangular-ovate, long-petioled, 

 acuminate or acute at the apex, coarsely dentate or 

 incised-dentale, rather thick, deeply cordate at the 

 base, strongly veined, 5'-io' long, 3^-6' wide; upper 

 leaves lanceolate, short-petioled or sessile, truncate 

 or sometimes narrowed at the base, the uppermost 

 (floral) very small; clusters densely many-flowered; 

 bractlets subulate, ciliate-hirsute or nearly glabrous; 

 calyx 5"-6" long, its teeth setaceous with a broader 

 base, spreading; corolla io"-i2" long, pale purple 

 or white, twice as long as the calyx, densely pu- 

 bescent, and the margins of its upper lip fringed 

 with long hairs. 



In waste places, south shore of Lake Ontario. Nat- 

 uralized from southern Europe. June-Sept. 



