Vol.. III.] 



POTATO FAMILY. 



125 



^ -;f -X- Fruit a capsule; corolla funnelform. 

 Capsule circumscissile toward the top, which separates as a lid; corolla irregular. 9. Hyoscyamus. 

 Capsule opening: by valves. 



Capsule generally prickly. 10. Datura. 



Capsule not prickly. 



Flowers paniculate or racemose; stamens nearly uniform in length. 11. IVicodana. 



Flowers solitary; stamens verj' unequal. 12. Petunia. 



I. PHYSALODES Boehm. in Ludwig, Def. 42. 1760. 

 [Xic.\NDR.\ Adaus. Fam. PI. 2: 219. 1763.] 



.\\\ annual erect branching glabrous herb, with alternate petioled thin sinuate-dentate or 

 lobed leaves, and large light blue peduncled nodding flowers, solitary in the axils. Calyx 

 5-parted, 5-angled, much inflated in fruit, its segments ovate, connivent, cordate or sagittate 

 at the base, strongly reticulated. Corolla broadly campauulate, plicate in the bud, slightly 

 5-lobed. Stamens 5, included, inserted on the corolla near its base; filaments filiform, di- 

 lated and pilose below; anthers oblong, the sacs longitudinally dehiscent. Ovary 3-5- 

 cclleil ; style slender; stigma 3-5-lobed. Berry globose, nearly dry, enclosed in the calyx. 

 [Greek, Physalis-like.] 



.\ monotypic Peruvian genus. 



I. Physalodes physalodes (L.) Brit- 

 ton. Apple-of-Peru. (Fig. 3189.) 



Alrof>a physalodes L. Sp. PI. iSi. 175.V 

 Plivsalodes Feruvianum Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PI. 452. 



i8qi. 

 P. physalodes Biitton, Mem. Torr. Club, 5: 287. 1894. 



Stem angled, 2°-5° high. Leaves ovate or 

 oblong, acuminate but blunt pointed, narrowed 

 at the base, 3'-S' long, I'-Y wide; petioles 

 longer than the peduncles; flowers I'-iyi.' long 

 and broad; corolla-limb almost entire; fruiting 

 calyx I'-i'yz' long and thick, its segments acute 

 at the apex, their basal auricles acute or cuspi- 

 date; berry about yi' in diameter, loosely sur- 

 rounded by the calyx. 



In waste places, escaped from gardens. Nova Sco- 

 tia to Ontario, south to Florida, .-^dventive from 

 Peru. Plant with the aspect of a large Physalis. 

 Leaves similar to those of Stramoniuvi, July-Sept. 



2. PHYSALIS L. Sp. PI. 182. 1753. 

 Annual or perennial herbs, sometimes a little woody below, with entire or sinuately 

 toothed leaves. Peduncles slender, in ours solitary from the axils of the leaves. Calyx 

 campanulate, 5-toothed, in fruit enlarged and bladdery-inflated, membranous, 5-angled, or 

 prominently lo-ribbed and reticulate, wholly inclosing the pulpy berry, its teeth mostly 

 connivent. Corolla yellowish or whitish, often with a darker brownish or purplish center, 

 open-campanulate, or rarely campanulate-rotate, plicate. Stamens inserted near the base of 

 the corolla; anthers oblong, opening by a longitudinal slit. Style slender, somewhat bent; 

 stigma minutely 2-cleft. Seeds numerous, kidney-shaped, flattened, with a thin edge, finely 

 pitted. [Greek, bladder, referring to the inflated calyx.] 



The number of recognized species is about 50. The actual number is, however, much larger. 

 Two species are of European origin, and about half a dozen are natives of India and .\ustralia, 

 the rest are American; 34 occur in the United States. 



TV Annuals with branched fibrous roots. 

 t Plants more or less pubescent (except P. Barbadensis obseura). 

 Fruiting calyx sharply 5-angled, more or less acuminate at the summit and sunken at the base; 

 caly.v-lobes (at flowering time) lanceolate or acuminate, as long as the tube or longer. 

 Leaves ovate, oblique, acute or acuminate, subentire at tlie base; upper part repand or suben- 



tire; fruiting calyx small and short; stem slender, diffuse, sharply angled, i. P. pnhescens. 

 Leaves cordate, oblique, strongly sinuate to the base; stem stout, obtusely angled; fruiting 



calyx rounded. 2. P, prujnosa. 



Leaves cordate, scarcely oblique, more or less abruptly acuminate, acutely repand dentate; 

 stem tall, acutely angled; fruiting calj'x larger, long-acuminate. 3. P. Barbadensis. 



Fruiting caly.x obtusely or indistinctly 5-10-angled; calyx-lobes (at flowering time) triangular, 



generally shorter than the tube. 4. P. Lagascae. 



t t Plants glabrous, or the upper part sparingly beset with short hairs, or a little puberulent when 



young; fruiting caly.x obtusely 5-10-angled, not sunken at the base. 

 Corolla yellow, sometimes with the center a little darker but never brown or purple. 



Peduncles generally much longer than the fruiting calyx; leaves sinuately toothed or subentire. 



5. P. lanceifolia. 

 Peduncles scarcely exceeding the fruiting calyx; leaves sharply dentate. 6. P. angnlala. 



* Text contributed by Mr. P. A. Rydberg. 



