274 



CICHORIACEAE. 



[Vol. III. 



3. Lactuca Canadensis Iv. Wild or Tall 

 Lettuce. Wild Opium. (Fig. 3539.) 



I.acluca Canadensis L. Sp. PI. 796. 1753. 

 Lactuca elongala Muhl.; Willd. Sp. PI. 3: I52,s. 1804. 



Biennial or annual, glabrous throughout, 

 somewhat glaucous; stem leafy up to the inflor- 

 escence, 3°-io° high, branching above into a 

 narrow panicle. Leaves, or some of them, sin- 

 uatc-pinnalifid, those of the stem sessile or 

 auriculate-clasping, 2'-S' long, the uppermost 

 smaller, often lauceolate, acuminate ami entire, 

 the basal often 12' long, narrowed into petioles; 

 heads numerous, 2"-y broad; involucre cylin- 

 dric, ^^"-f>" high, its outer bracts shorter than 

 the inner; rays yellow; achenes oval, flat, about 

 as long as the filiform beak; pappus while. 



In moist, open places. Nova Scotia to tlie North- 



wesjtTerritory south to Georgia, .\labama, Louisiana 



and Arkansa,s. Called also Trumpetwecd, Trumpet 



Milkweed, Trumpets and Fire-weed. )une-Nov. 



Lactuca Canadensis montana Britton. 



Plant i°-4" high; leaves all lanceolate and entire; 

 bracts of the involucre purple or purplish. Pocono 

 Mountain, Penn., and Catskill Mountains, N. Y. 



4. Lactuca hirsiata Muhl. Hairy or 

 Red Wood-Lettuce. (Fig. 3540.) 



Lactuca hirsuia Muhl. Cat. 6q. 1813. 



Lactuca sanguinea Bigel. Fl. Host. Kd. 2, 287. 1824. 



Lactuca elonsata var. sangiiinea T. & G. Fl. N. A. 



2: 496. 1843. 



Similar to the preceding species, but com- 

 monly smaller and less leafy; stem i°-6° high, 

 naked and pauiculately branched above, usu- 

 ally hirsute, at least below. Leaves, or most of 

 them, sinuate-pinnatifid, pubescent on both 

 sides, or on the midrib beneath, those of the 

 stem mostly sessile or auriculate-clasping, ^f-"]' 

 long, the uppermost sometimes lauceolate and 

 entire, the basal petioled; heads numerous, 2"- 

 3" broad; involucre glabrous, 5"-9" high; outer 

 bracts shorter than the inner; rays reddish-yel- 

 low or paler; achenes oblong-oval, flat, about the 

 length of the beak; pappus white. 



In dry soil, Maine to Ontario, Minnesota, Ala- 

 bama and Te.xas. Stem, peduncles and involucre 

 often red or purple. July-Sept. 



5. Lactuca sagittifolia Ell. Arrow- 

 leaved Lettuce. (Fig. 3541.) 



L. sagittifolia Ell. Hot. S. C. & Ga. 2: 253. 1821-24. 

 Lactuca integrifoUa Bigel. Fl. Bost. Ed. 2, 287. 



1824. Not Nutt. 1S18. 

 L. elongata var. integ. T. & G. Fl. N. A. 2: 496. 1843. 



Biennial; stem glabrous throughout, or hir- 

 sute below, leafy nearly up to the usually pan- 

 iculate inflorescence, 2°-6° high. Leaves ob- 

 long, oblong-lanceolate or lanceolate, acumi- 

 nate or acute, entire or denticulate, the lower 

 rarely pinnatifid, sometimes spinulose on the 

 margins, those of the stem sessile or sagittate- 

 clasping, 3'-6' long, yi'-i'/i' wide, the basal 

 and lower ones petioled; heads commonly very 

 numerous, 2"-4" broad; involucre cylindric, 

 5"-7" high, the outer bracts shorter than the 

 inner; rays yellow or reddish; achenes oval, flat, 

 longer than their filiform beaks; pappus white. 



In dry, open soil. New Brunswick and Ontario to 

 Georgia, Idaho and Nebraska. Called also Devil's- 

 Iron Weed. July-Sept. 



