GExrs 45.] 



THISTLE FAMILY. 



403 



7. Gnaphalium Norvegicum Gunner. 

 Norwegian Cudweed. (Fig. 3857.) 



Gnaphalium Xotz'egicum Gunner, Fl. Noneg. 2: 

 105. 1772. 



Perennial; stem simple, 6'-iS' high. Leaves 

 lanceolate to spatulate, elongated, acute, nar- 

 rowed at the base, woolly on both sides, or green 

 and glabrate above, 3'-6' long, 2"-5" wide, the 

 lower and basal ones petioled ; heads about 3" 

 high, numerous in a more or less leafy spike, 

 the lowest often distant, solitary or glomerate in 

 the upper axils; bracts of the involucre ovate- 

 oblong, dark brown, or brown-tipped, glabrous 

 or slightly woolly, obtuse; pappus-bristles united 

 at the base, falling away in a ring; achenes his- 

 pidulous. 



Mt. .■Vlbert. Gaspe, Quebec, north to Greenland 

 and .Arctic America. .\lso in Europe. July-.\ug. 



8. Gnaphalium sylvaticum I^. 

 Wood Ctidweed. Chafeweed. 

 Owl's Crown. Golden Mother- 

 wort. (Fig. 3858.) 



Gnaphalium sylvaticum L. Sp. PI. 856. 1753. 



Perennial; stem slender, simple, 6'- 18' 

 high. Leaves linear, acute, i'-2' long, about 

 l"\vide,or the lowest linear-spatulate, woolly 

 beneath, glabrous or glabrate above; heads 

 about 3" high, numerous in a more or less 

 leafy spike, or the lowest solitary or glomer- 

 ate in the upper axils; bracts of the involucre 

 .linear-oblong, obtuse, mostly glabrous, yel- 

 lowish or greenish with a brown spot at or 

 just below the apex; pappus-bristles united at 

 the base; achenes hispidulous. 



New Brunswick and Cape Breton Island, per- 

 haps introduced from Europe. Widely distrib- 

 uted in Europe and Northern Asia. June-Aug. 



9. Gnaphalium purpureum L. Pur- 

 plish Cudweed. (Fig. 3859.) 



Gnaphalium purpureum L- Sp. PI. 854. 1753. 



-Annual or biennial, simple and erect, or 

 branched from the base and the branches as- 

 cending, 2'-2° high. Leaves spatulate, or the 

 uppermost linear, mostly obtuse, mucronulate, 

 woolly beneath, usually green and glabrous or 

 nearly so above when old, sessile, or the lowest 

 narrow'cd into petioles, \'-i' long, 2"-6" wide; 

 heads 2"-2^4" high in a terminal, sometimes 

 leafy, often interrupted spike, or the lowest 

 ones distant and axillary; bracts of the invo- 

 lucre yellowish brown or purplish, lanceolate- 

 oblong, acute or acutish, the outer woolly at 

 the base; pappus-bristles united below; achenes 

 roughish. 



In dry sandy soil, eastern Maine to Florida, west 

 to Pennsylvania, West Virginia, Kentucky, Arkan- 

 sas, Texas and Mexico. Also on the Pacific Coast 

 and in South America. May-Sept. 



