Vol. III.] 



GLOSSARY. 



525 



Penicillale. With a tuft of hairs or hair-like 

 branches. 



Perfect. Flowers with both stamens and pistils. 



Perfoliate. Leaves so clasping the stem as to 

 appear as if pierced by it. 



Periaiil/i. The modified floral leaves (sepals or 

 petals), regarded collectively. 



Pericarp. The wall of the fruit, or seed-vessel. 



Pertgynium. The utricle enclosing the ovary 

 or achene in the genus Caie.v. 



Perigynous. Borne on the perianth, around 

 the ovar^*. 



Peripheral. Pertaining to the peripliery. 



Persiilent. Organs remaining attached to those 

 bearing them after the growing period. 



Petal. One of the leaves of the corolla. 



Petaloid. Similar to petals; petal-like. 



Peliolale. With a petiole. 



Petiole. The stalk of the leaf. 



Phyllode. .\ bladeless petiole or rachis. 



Pilose. With long soft hairs. 



Pinna. A primary division of a pinnately com- 

 pound leaf. 



Pinnate. Leaves divided into leaflets or seg- 

 ments along a common axis. 



Pinnatifid. Pinnately cleft to the middle or 

 beyond. 



Pinnule. A division of a pinna. 



Pistil. The central organ of a flower containing 

 the macrosporanges (ovules). 



Pistillate. With pistils; and usually employed 

 in the sense of without stamens. 



Placenta. .\n ovule-bearing surface. 



Plicate. Folded into plaits, like a fan. 



Plumose. Resembling a plume or feather. 



Plumule. The rudimentary terminal bud of the 

 embrj-o. 



Pollen. Pollen-grain. See Microspore. 



Poltinia. The poUenraasses of the Orchid and 

 Milkweed Familes. 



Polygamous. Bearing both perfect and imper- 

 fect flowers. 



Polypelalous. With separate petals. 



Pome. The fleshy fruit of the Apple Family 



Procumbent. Trailing or lying on the ground. 



Propiiylla. Bractlets. ' 



Prolliallium. The sexual generation of Pteri- 

 dophyla. 



Puberulent. With very short hairs. 



Pubescent. With hairs. 



Punctate. With translucent dots or pits. 



Pungent. With a sharp stiff tip. 



Pyriform. Pear-shaped. 



Raceme. An elongated determinate flower-clus- 

 ter with each flower pedicelled. 



Racemose. In racemes, or resembling a r.aceme. 



Rachilla. The axis of the spikelet in grasses. 



Rachis. The axis of a compound leaf, or of a 

 spike or raceme. 



Radiant. With the marginal flowers enlarged 

 and ray-like. 



Radiate. With ray-flowers; radiating. 



Radicle. The rudimentary stem of the em- 

 bryo; hypocotyl. 



Radicular. Pertaining to the radicle or hypo- 

 cotyl. 



Raphe ( Rhaphe). The ridge connecting the hi- 

 lum and chalaza of an anatropous or aniphi- 

 tropous ovule; the ridge on the sporocarp of 

 Afarsilea. 



Ray. One of the peduncles or branches of an um- 

 bel; the flat marginal flowers in Compositae. 



Receptacle. The end of the flower stalk, bear- 

 ing the floral organs, or, in Compositae. the 

 flowers; also, in some ferns, an axis bearing 

 sporanges. 



Recurved. Curved backward. 



Refle.ved. Bent backward abruptly. 



Regular. Having the members of each part 

 alike in size and shape. 



Reniform. Kidney-shaped. 



Repand. With a somewhat wavy margin. 



Reticulate. Arranged as a network. 



Retrorse. Turned backward or downward. 



Retuse. With a shallow notch at the end. 



Ri-Z'ohi/c. Rolled backward. 



Rliachis. See Rncliis. 



Rhizome. See Rootstock. 



Rootstock. .\ subterranean stem, or part of one. 



Rini^eiil. The gaping mouth of a two-lipped 

 corolla. 



Rostellum. Beak of the style in Orchids. 



Rostrate. With a beak. 



Rosulate. Like a rosette. 



Rotate. With a flat round corolla-limb. 



Rugose. Wrinkled. 



Runcinate. Sharply pinnatifid. or incised, the 

 lobes or segments turned backward. 



Sac. A pouch, especially the cavitiesof anthers. 



Saccate. With a pouch or sac. 



Sagittate. Like an arrow-head, with the lobes 

 turned downward. 



Samara. A simple indehiscent winged fruit. 



Saprophyte. .\ plant which grows on dead 

 organic matter. 



Scabrous. Rough. 



Scale. A minute, rudimentary or vestigial leaf. 



Scape. A leafless or nearly leafless stem or pe- 

 duncle, arising from a subterranean part of a 

 plant, bearing a flower or flower-cluster. 



Scapose. Having scopes, or resembling a scape. 



Scarious. Ttiin, dry, and translucent, not green. 



Scorpioid. Coiled up in the bud, unrolling in 

 growth . 



Secund. Borne along one side of an axis. 



Segment. A division of a leaf or fruit. 



Sepal. One of the leaves of a calyx. 



Septate. Provided with partitions. 



Seplicidal. .^. capsule which splits longitudi- 

 nally into and through its dissepimenls. 



.Serrate. With teeth projecting forward. 



Serrulate. Diminutive of serrate; serrate with 

 small teeth. 



Sessile. Without a stalk. 



Setaceous. Bristle-like. 



Setose. Bristly. 



Silicic. A siliqu^ much longer than wide. 



SiliQue. An elongated two-valved capsular fruit, 

 with two parietal placentae, usually dehiscent. 



Sinuate. With strongly w'avy margins. 



Sitiuous- In form like the path of a snake. 



Sinus. The space between the lobes of a leaf. 



Snrus iSori). .\ group or cluster of sporsinges. 



Spadiceoiis. Like or pertaining to a spadix. 



Spadi.v. ,\ fleshy spike of flowers. 



Spathaceoits. Resembling a spathe. 



Spalhe. k bract, usually more or less concave, 

 subtending a spadix. 



Spatulaie. Shaped like a spatula; spoon-shaped. 



Spermatozoids. Cells developed in the antherid, 

 for the fertilization of the oosphere. 



Spicate. Arranged in a spike; like a spike. 



Spike. An elongated flower cluster or cluster of 

 sporanges, with sessile ornearly sessile flowers 

 or sporanges. 



Spikelet- Diminutive of spike; especially ap- 

 plied to flower-clusters of grasses and sedges. 



Stfinose. AVith spines or similar to spines. 



Sbiiiule. A small sharp projection. 



Spinulose, With small sharp processes or spines. 



Sporange. A sac containing spores. 



Spate. An asexual vegetative cell. 



Sporocarp. Organ containing sporanges or sori. 



Sporop/iyte. The asexual generation of plants. 



Spreadini.'. Diverging nearly at right angles; 

 nearly prostrate. 



.Spur. A hollow projection from a floral organ. 



.Si/uarrose With spreading or projecting parts. 



Stamen. The organ of a flower which bears the 

 microspores (pollen-grains). 



.Staminodium. A sterile stamen, or other organ 

 in the position of a stamen. 



Standard. The upper, usually broad, petal of a 

 papilionaceous corolla. 



Stellate- Star-like. 



Slerigmata. The projections from twigs, bearing 

 the leaves in some genera of Pinaceae 



Sterile. Without spores, or without seed. 



Stigma. The summit or side of the pistil to 

 which pollen-grains become attached. 



