52 XII. TIOLACE,^. 



2. lONIDIUM, Ventenat. 



Herbs or undershrubs. Leaves alternate, rarely opposite. Flowers 

 axillary, orange or purple. Sepals 5, siibequal, not produced at the base. 

 Petals 5, the lower larger, clawed, saccate or spurred at the base. Anthers 

 connate or free, 2 or 4 of them gibbous or spurred at the back. Style 

 clavate, incurved ; stigma oblique. Capsule elastically 3-valved. Seeds 

 globose ; testa crustaceous. — Distrib. Chiefly tropical American, a few 

 in Africa, Asia and Australia ; species 40. 



1. lonidium heterophyllum, Ventenat, Jewel, de la Malm. (1803) 

 fol. 27 verso. A small suifrutescent perennial herb, 6-12 in. high, 

 with many diffuse or ascending branches, glabrous or more or less 

 pubescent. Leaves linear or lanceolate, 11-2 by g-j in., subsessile, 

 entire, or with serrated margins ; stipules gland-tipped, subulate. 

 Flowers red, axillary, solitary ; pedicels shorter than the leaves, -j-i in. 

 long, erect, slender ; bracts small, above the middle of the pedicel. Sepals 

 Jjj in. long, lanceolate, very acute, keeled. Petals unequal, the 2 upper 

 ones oblong, slightly longer than the sepals, the 2 lateral longer, falcate, 

 the lowest much larger than the others, having an orbicular or obovate 

 limb with a long claw which is curved behind into a short spur. Capsules 

 about J in. in diam., subglobose. Seeds ovoid, acute, longitudinally 

 striate, yellowish-white, about y^ in. long. lonidium suffruticosum, 

 Ging, in DC. Prodr. v. 1, p. 311 ; Fl. B. I. v. 1, p. 185 ; Grab. Cat. p. 11 ; 

 Woodr. in Journ. Bomb.' Nat. v. 11 (1897) p. 124; Watt, Diet. Ecou. 

 Prod. V. 4, p. 475. lonidium enneaspertyium and /. hexaspermum, Dalz. 

 & Gibs. p. 12. — Flowers : Oct.-Dec. Veun. Ratanparas. 



KoNKAN : Stocks I Gujarat: Broach, Woodrow. S. M. Country: Belgaum, 

 Ritchie, 675 I ; Badami, JVoodrow ! ; Dharwai", Cooke I 



Order XIIL BIXACE^. 



Trees or shrubs. L3aves alternate ; stipules minute or 0. Flowers 

 regular, 1-2-sexual. Sepals 4-5, rarely 2-6, imbricate (rarely completely 

 connate), deciduous. Petals 4-5 or 0, imbricate or contorted in bud, 

 deciduous. Stamens hypogvnous or scarcely subperigynous, indefinite, 

 rarely definite ; anthers 2-celled, bursting by slits or pores. Disk 

 thickened, often glandular. Ovary 1- (rarely many-) celled; ovules 2- 

 many on each placenta, amphitropous or anatropoas ; slyle and stigmas 

 free or united. Fruit Heshy or dry, indehiseent or valvular, the valves 

 bearing the seeds in the middle. Seeds arillate or testa pulpy ; albumen 

 fleshy, rarely thin ; embryo axile ; cotyledons foliaeeous, often cordate. 

 — DrsTRiB. Throughout the tropics of both hemispheres; genera 30 ; 

 species IGO. 



Flowers bisexual. 



Leaves pilmately divided ; (lowers 4-5 in. in diam 1. Coculospbumum. 



Leaves simple ; flowers 2 in. in diam 2. BiXA. 



Flowers small 3. Scoi-opia. 



Flowers dicBcious. 



Petals 4. Fl\courtia. 



Petals 5, with a s^ale opposite to eaoh 5. Hydxocarpus. 



