178 XXXII, T^UTACE-f:. 



Tolerably abundant along tbe line of the Gbats. Konkan : Sfor/cs !, Low ! Deccan : 

 Parsl):it, Graham; Mabableshwar, Cooke \, Woodrow], H. M. Birdwood; ravines at 

 Khandala, >•«/«' w. S. M. Country : Eamgbat, 7?/AAiV, 200 ! Kanaka: tbroughout 

 the Gli/its of N. Kanara in moist situations; forests near Yellajjur, N. Kanara, Talbot. 

 — DiSTuiB. Sumatra, Java, Ceylon. 



3. ZANTHOXYLUM, Linn. 



Shrubs or trees, often armed. Leaves alternate, 3-foliolate or pinnate ; 

 leaflets opposite or alternate, entire or crenate, often oblique, pellucido- 

 punctate. Flowers polygamous, small, in axillary or terminal, usually 

 paniculate cvmes. Calyx 3-8-fid, imbricate, rarely 0. Petals 3-5, 

 rarely 0. Male floweks: Disk inconspicuous. Stamens 3-5, hypo- 

 gynous. Ovary rudimentary. Female flowers : Stamens or squami- 

 form. Disk very short. Carpels 1-5, oblique, 1-celled ; ovules 2 in 

 each cell, usually collateral ; styles sublateral, short or long, free or 

 connate above ; stigmas capitate. Fruit of 1-5 globose coriaceous or 

 fleshy 1 -seeded carpels dehiscing ventrally : endocarp horny, separating 

 or not. Seeds globose or oblong, often hanging out of the carpel ; hilum 

 broad; testa bony or crustaceotis, blue or black, shining; albumen 

 fleshy; embryo straight or curved: cotyledons flat; radicle very short. 

 — DiSTDiB. Throughout the tropical and warm regions of the world ; 

 species 80. 



Leaves 3-foliolate ; branches of the cyme alternate 1 . Z. ovalifolium. 



Leaves 5-many-foliolate ; branches of the cyme opposite 2. Z. Bhetsa. 



1. Zanthoxylum ovalifolium, Wvjhi, III. v. 1 (1840) p. 169. 

 A shrub about ft. high, glabrous, armed with short straight or 

 slightly curved prickles from thickened bases. Leaves 3-foliolate ; 

 petioles |-1 in. long; leaflets coriaceous, 3-4 by li-l| in., elliptic- 

 oblong or obovate, bluntly acmninate, tip rounded, emarginate, glabrous 

 on both surfaces, obscurely crenate, base acute ; petiolules ^ in. long. 

 Flowers ^^ in. across, in dense paniculate cymes with alternate branches ; 

 peduncles and pedicels glabrous, the latter very short. Calyx small ; 

 lobes minute, fleshy, triangular. Petals yL in. long, ovate, obtuse, 

 valvate. Pipe carpels solitary, spherical, size of a pea, slightly pitted, 

 glabrous. Seed globose, smooth, .-hining, black. Fl. B. I. v. 1, p. 492 ; 

 Bedd. For. Man. in Flor. Sylvat. p. xlii, et Anal. Gen. t. G, fig. 3; 

 Talb. Trees, Bomb. p. 30; AVoodr. in Journ. Bomb. IS'at. v. 11 (1897) 

 p. 267 ; Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. v. 6, part 4, p. 325. — Flo\\ ers : Nov.- 

 Dec. 



Rare; the only specimens I have seen have been collected in Kanara. Kanaka: 

 Hohcnhacker, 7()3 a !, Stocks !, Woodrow ! ; Yacombi, Woodrow ! — Distrib. Singapore. 



2. Zanthoxylum Rhetsa, DC. Frod. v. 1 (1824) p. 728.— A 

 middle-sized tree, covered all over (even occasionally the petioles and 

 peduncles) with sharp curved or straight ])rickles, those from Ihe old 

 wood \\\\\\ a solid conical base ; bark corky, deejjly cracked ; branches 

 numerous, spreading. Leaves crowded at the ends of tlie branches, 

 equally or unequally pinnate, 12-20 in. long ; leaflets 8-20 pairs, 3-5 

 by l^-2j in., opposite, ovate-oblong or oblong-lanceolate, caudate- 

 acuminate, entire, glabrous, \\w upper side of each leaflet rounded at the 

 base, the lower side narrowed into the costa; nerves 10-12 on the upper 

 sidf?, 2 fewer on the lower : ])etiolule8 very short. Flowers in largo 

 terminal paniculate cymes often more than 12 in. broad, the branches 



