XLI. IIHAMNACE.E, 241 



for about half their length. Petals cucullate, rounded at the apex, 

 deflexed with the stamens between the calvx-lobes ; pedicels short, hairy. 

 Stamens enclosed in the petals, but not exserted beyond them ; filaments 

 ^^ in. long, slightly dilated at the base. Disk with 10 grooved lobes. 

 Ovary about half sunk in the disk, ovoid ; styles 2, connate for about 

 half their length. Drupes edible, |-| in. in diam., globose, fleshy, 

 smooth, yellow or orange when ripe ; stone 1-2-celled. Fl. B. I. v. 1, 

 p. 632 ; Grab. Cat. p. 39 ; Dalz. & Gibs. p. 49 ; Weberbauer, in Engl. & 

 Prantl, Pflanzenf. v. 3, part 5, p. 403, fig. 198, a-b ; Talb. Trees, Bomb. 

 p. 52; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 11 (1897) p. 271 ; Watt, Diet. 

 Econ. Prod. v. 6, part 4, p. 367. — Flowers : Sept.-Oct. Vern. Bar ; Bcr. 



Not abundant in a truly wild state, but plentiful near sites of former villages 

 throughout the Presidency. — Dr. Gibson (fide Grahum 1. c.) states tliat it is abundant 

 in the Khandesh jungles, particularly towards the Tapti. It is extensively cultivated 

 throughout India for its edible fruit and for its timber, which, though small, is much 

 valued for certain purposes. iSee Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. 1. c. — Distkib. Throughout 

 India ; Afghanistan, Ceylon, China, Australia, Africa. 



2. Zizyphus trinervia, Eoxb. Hort. Beng. (1814) p. 17 (not of 

 Poir.); Fl. Ind. v. 1, p. 606. A small unarmed tree. Leaves 1-3 by 

 ^-1| in., elliptic, subobtuse, often mucronate, serrate (the serratures 

 with short callous points), prominently 3-nerved from the base, glabrous, 

 shining, base more or less oblique, rounded or subacute; petioles ^-g in. 

 long; stipules filiform, caducous. Flowers greenish-yellow, in axillary 

 peduncled cymes scarcely ^ in. long. Calyx finely pubescent outside; 

 lobes triangular, keeled within, deflexed. Petals small, shorter than the 

 recurved stamens, obtriangular, cuneate. Disk 10-lobed, not grooved. 

 Filaments flattened. Ovary 2-celled ; styles 2, united to the middle. 

 Fruit I in. in diam., globose or obovoid, somewhat rugose, 1-2-celled, 

 yellow when ripe. Z. triacruius, var. glahratus, Heyue, in Koth, Nov. 8p. 

 (1821) p. 159. Z. ^/a^m<rt, Wight, Icon. t. 282 ; Laws, in Hook. f. 

 Fl. B. I. V. 1, p. 633 ; Woodr. in Journ. Bomb. Nat. v. 11 (1897) p. 271 ; 

 Watt, Diet. Econ. Prod. v. 6, part 4, p. 367. — Flowers : Nov.-Dec. 



GuJAR.\T : Surat, Woodrom ; Ahmedabad, Cooke !, Woodrow. 



This species was named Z. trinervia by Roxburgh (Hort. Beng. p. 17) in 1814, and 

 Wallich (Roxb. Fl. Ind. v. 2 [1824] p. 3.^4) after a comparison of Roxburgh's plant 

 with that named Z. ylahmfus by Hei/ne (Roth, Nov. Sp. [1821] p. 159), found them to 

 be identical. The older name given by Roxburgh is therefore retained. — Distkib. 

 India (E. Bengal, Bbotan, W. Peninsula). 



3. Zizyphus rotundifolia, Lamlc. Encyc. v. 3 (1789) p. 319. A 

 small shrub branched from near the root ; branches divaricate, slender, 

 zigzag ; bark light-colored. Leaves g-| in., orbicular or ovate, spinous- 

 dentate, clothed beneath with a whitish or buff tomentum, less densely 

 tomentose above; petioles g-| in. long, tomentose ; stipular thorns 

 usually in pairs, one straight, sharp and slender, nearly as long as the 

 leaf, the other short, hooked. Flowers in axillary sessile pubescent 

 cymes ; buds globose ; pedicels short. Calyx pubescent outside, cleft 

 about half way down ; lobes triangular-ovate, keeled on the inner face 

 for about half their length. Petals cuneate, rounded or truncate at the 

 apex, longer than the stamens. Fdaments deflexed together with the 

 enclosing petals. Disk 10-lobed, with a pit opposite to each lobe. 

 Ovary 2-celled ; styles 2, united to above the middle. Drupes globose, 

 5 in. in diam., glabrous, red when ripe, edible. Zlzijjjihus jiummtduria, 



E 



