5o2 JjXY. CACX.VCE.E. — LXVI. FIC0IDE.T5. 



TttrameJes Grahamiana, Wight, Icon. t. lOoO. Aaictoclea Grahamutna, 

 Nimuio, in Grab. Cat. p. l!52. — Flowers : Feb.-Mar. A^eun. Uyad ; 

 Bondsa. 



KoNKAN : Stocks !, Law ! ; W. Ghats, Woodrow. Deccan : foot of Parghat, Graham 

 (Cat. p. 88). Kanaka: Low'., Woodrow; common in the evergreen forests of the 

 Ghats of N. Kanara, Talbot. — Distrib. India (W. Peninsula, Birnia, Andamanaj ; 

 Cejlon, Java. 



Order LXA^ CACTACE^. 



A large Order comprising perhaps 1000 species, confined almost 

 entirely to the New World. It. is introduced here in consequence of 

 the naturalization of certain species of tlie genus Opuniia {Ojjuntia 

 Dillenii, Haw., and 0. nigricans, Haw.). The latter, commonly called 

 the Prickly Pear, has spread widely throughout the Deccan, where it is 

 known by the vernacular name Nif/adung and has become so common 

 about native villages as to be a regular pest, forming a harbor for snakes 

 and tilth of all kinds. 



Several species of the Order are grown in gardens, but none of 

 them are iniligenous. 



Order LXVI. FICOIDE^. 



Annual or perennial herbs. Leaves simple, often fleshy, opposite, 

 alternate or falsely w horled ; stipules or scarious. Elowers regular, 

 herma!)hrodite (rarely pt)]ygainous), in cymes or clusters, rarely solitary, 

 never racemose. Calyx -t-5-sepalous or 4-5-partite, free or rarely adiiate 

 to the ovary, the lobes usually green, herbaceous, imbricate, always 

 persistent in fruit. Petals usually wanting; when present, smnll. 

 Stamens perigynous or hypogynous, definite or indefinite, when equal to 

 the number of sepals usually opposite to them, when more, equidistant 

 or in bundles; filaments subulate or dilated, free or connate into a 

 membranous cup. Disk or annular, often produced into subulate 

 staminodes alternating with the stamens. Ovary usually free, 2-5- 

 celled ; ovules solitary in each cell and basal, or many, inserted on 

 placentas adnate to the interior angle of the cell, amphitropous ; styles 

 as many as the cells of the ovary, free, or connate into one split at the 

 apex. Fruit usually capsiUar, splitting dorsally or circumseissilely, or 

 less commonly separating into cocci, usually smaller than the persistent 

 calyx and inchided in it. Seeds solitary or numerous, usually reniform, 

 compressed ; testa membranous or crustaceous ; embryo curved round 

 farinaceous or fleshy albumen. — Distrib. Scattered throughout the 

 tropical and subtropical regions of the globe ; genera 22 ; species 450. 



Stamens inserted on the calyx-tube. 



Capsule loculicidally or septicidallj dehiscent 1. Aizoon. 



Capsule circumseissilely dehiscent. 



Ovary 3-5-celled 2. Se.suvium. 



Ovary 1-2-celled 3. Triantiikma. 



Stamens hypogynous. 

 Fruit capsular. 



Petals many 4. Oryota. 



Petals 5. Molluoo. 



Fruit of 2-5 one-seeded cocci. 



Carpels .S .''» ; petals 6. Gisekta. 



Cui-pels 2 : petals 3 .0 7. Li.miu.m. 



