NOTES ON THE GENUS EUPITHECIA. 



209 



food-plants, he does not seem to have thought it possible that 

 the two might be co-specific. Probably Crewe was not acquainted 

 with the dark mountain var. (ab.) of denotata known as atraria, 

 H.-S. =ferreata, Fuchs (J. B. Nass. Ver. Nat. liv. 57), which 

 Herr Piingeler tells me is certainly co-specific with the typical 

 form, all intermediates occurring among bred specimens {in litt. 

 November 29th, 1905), while it is practically indistinguishable 

 from some of the lighter specimens of jasioncata. Rossler and 

 Fuchs, it is true, regarded Herrich-Schaffer's atraria as repre- 

 senting a dark form of castigata, Hb., hence Fuchs's new name 

 for that of denotata ; but eveia if they were right, this would not 

 affect the connection estabhshed by the last-named between 

 denotata smdjasiojieata. 



That E. denotata is not confined to Campanida trachelium is 

 clear not only from Crewe's record (Ent. Mo. Mag. vii. 143) of 

 finding larvae "in his garden on nine other species of Campanula 

 and on Phyteuma, but also from several Continental writers. 

 Pungeler finds the larvae of var. atraria, H.-S., at Pontresina,_&c., 

 on Campanida barhata, and my correspondents, Herr Dietze 

 and Dr. Draudt, tell me that, last autumn, larvae entirely 

 agreeing with those of this species and of jasioneata were found 

 at Oberstdorf (Bavaria) on Phyteuma spicatum. Nor is this all ; 

 if primidata, Mill., is, as it has been determined, really = var. 

 atraria, H.-S., Prinmla latifolia must be added to the list, whilst, 

 if Fuchs's denotata and ab. solidaginis (J. B. Nass. Ver. Nat. Iv. 

 78) are rightly placed by that author, it has also taken, excep- 

 tionally, to Solidago virgaurea in a state of nature, unless his son 

 somehow mixed the larvae he collected. 



Last September I had a large number of larvae of E. jasioneata, 

 collected in North Cornwall, and several of E. denotata, from 

 Dorking. Both were variable, though less excessively so than 

 many of the "pugs," but I absolutely failed to find any difference 

 between the two. The pupae, which are now before me, are also 

 identical. The E. jasioneata are already emerging (early June), 

 and I believe this is naturally a somewhat earlier form to appear 

 than denotata. In this respect, as Herr Dietze remarks, the 

 Oberstdorf form occurring on Phyteuma, and already mentioned 

 above, should belong to the former, for the Campanula larvffi 

 were not yet findable when these were taken last August. I have 

 not yet heard from my friends what form of imago resulted from 

 the Phyteuma larvae. 



Herr Petersen, of Eeval, had a male of each of the supposed 

 species from me a few years ago, and examined the genitalia; he 

 believed he had found differences sufficient to warrant keeping 

 them distinct, and intended to send a note on the subject to one 

 of our British magazines. On the other hand, Mr. Pierce, of 

 Liverpool, writes oi jasioneata which I sent him: "There is 



BNTOM. — SEPTEMBER, 1907. T 



