A FOSSIL HONEY-BEE. 227 



Hymenoptera ; the nymphs will be found attacked by Diptera of 

 the Pipunculidge, Hymenoptera of the Dryinidae and EucyrtidsG, 

 and Coleoptera of the Stylopidae. 



(f) Structure. — This is discussed sufficiently fully by Edwards. 

 Of particular interest are the male genitalia in the " Delphacidse " 

 and its allies, the mobile tibial spur in the same hoppers, the legs 

 in various " Jassids " and " Acocephalids," the antennae of Ful- 

 goroid forms, &c. 



I would, however, specially urge anyone wishing to commence 

 the study of leaf-hoppers to rear up the nymphs, which will often 

 be found in company with the adults, to note the plants on which 

 the nymphs feed, and to search the food-plants for indications of 

 the egg-slits. Grasses, rushes, poplars, oaks, and ferns have so 

 far afforded the most species, but the whole flora should be in- 

 vestigated, as many of the hoppers are very sharply restricted in 

 the matter of food-plant. 



Anyone proceeding on the general lines I have indicated will 

 find a most fascinating study to hand, and one less worked at 

 than any other insect group of equal extent. 



Helpful Literature. 



Edwards (J.). — ' The Hemiptera-Homoptera . . . of the British 

 Islands ' (L. Eeeve & Co., London, 1896). The "Cicadina " are 

 discussed on pp. 1-223, &c., and pis. 1-25, &c. There are two 

 editions — one published at something over £2, I believe, with 

 coloured plates, and a smaller one with two structural plates, 

 published at something less than .^i^l. To those who can afford 

 it, I would strongly recommend the former. It is the only 

 volume of the series in which the coloured figures are not daubs. 



Perkins and others. — Bulletins 1-4 of the Hawaiian Sugar 

 Planters' Association, div. Entom. (1905-1907), dealing with 

 leaf-hoppers and their parasites, comprising about eight hundred 

 pages and nearly sixty plates. 



OsBORN and Ball. — " Studies of North American Jassoidea," 

 1897. * Proceedings ' of the Davenport Academy of Natural 

 Sciences, vii. pp. 45-100, pis. i.-vi. The North American and 

 European Homopteral faunas have a great deal in common, and 

 the British student cannot fail to profit by reading this valuable 

 paper. 



A FOSSIL HONEY-BEE. 

 By T. D. a. Cockerell. 



About thirty-seven fossil bees have been reported from the 

 Tertiary strata of Europe, but many of these have been merely 

 alluded to, without descriptions or specific names. Of the named 

 species, one is from Corent, France, one from Krottensee, Bo- 



