OAK GALL-FLIES. 113 



C. q.-batatu8 Bassett. 



Found in Virginia June 13, 1883, numerous galls on a small shrub of Q. alha, which 

 apparently belong to the above species. On some of the large branches all the young 

 twigs were deformed. Most of the Cynipids seem to have issued, as only a single 

 specimen was bred June 14. 



Between June 14 and July 3 four different species of Chalcidians were bred. 



Cynips q.-strobilana Osten Sacken. 



Dr. Engelmann found this gall on Q. bicolor February 10, 1872, containing at this 

 date fully formed larvae. 



The same gall on Q. alba was also received from G. W. Lettermann, AUenton, Mo., 

 November 10, lte73. Nothing was bred from any of them, but when opened in 1881 

 they were found to contain the perfect fly and pup®. 



C. q.-pezomachoides Osten Sacken. 

 On Q. alba. Received November 10, 1873, from G. W. Lettermann, AUenton, Mo. 



Cynips quercus-clavula Bassett. 



Collected in the middle of April, 1870, at St. Louis, Mo., a lot of these galls on Q. alba. 

 Received also some of the same galls from E. Michener, New Garden, Pa. At this date 

 the galls are almost all empty; some of them contain, however, different parasites, 

 among which are Antigaster and a trogositidous beetle and also the dead Cynips. 



Galls collected in July contain the larva of parasites. The gall-flies are issuing by 

 the 20th of July. 



Cynips q.-glandulus Riley. 



Gall formed on cups of acorns on Q. bicolor, in Chester County, Pa., producing a 

 very curious swelling of the cupule terminating in a bunch of curly woolly fibers, 

 the swelling being hard and woody like the acorn and containing in a cavity a ker- 

 nel. 



It is a gall something after the fashion of C. q.-frondosa, and the kernel has the 

 same crinkled appearance, but is more elongate. It is greenish with a distinct bright 

 yellowish-brown crown with a point sunken in the middle. In the more perfect 

 galls the acorn is entirely absorbed. 



Cynips q.-duricaria Bass. 



Forming small woolly galls on the laurel-leaved oak in Missouri. Galls on both 

 upper and under surface on the midrib. 



Cynips q.-duricaria ? 



Received from G. W. Lettermann, AUenton, Mo., November 10, 1873, galls on Q. 

 alba which probably belong to the above species. Flies are just issuing at this date. 



C. q.-globulus Fitch. 



Found at St. Louis, Mo., on burr oak and swamp oak. Pupae are found in Septem- 

 ber, the flies issuing in November. 



Cynips quercus-palustris O. S. 



May 19, 1869. A globular gall, .45 of an inch in diameter, on the leaves of the pin 

 oak. Usually situated on the midrib and penetrating the leaf both above and be- 

 low ; sometimes on a side vein; tolerably smooth ; partly translucent; containing a 



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