242 FIFTH REPORT OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL COMMISSION. 

 27. Limenitia arthemis (Drury). 



Gosse, iu bis "Canadian Naturalist" (220), gives a figure of the larva, 

 pupa, aud uuder side of the butterfly of this species.* The butterfly ap- 

 pears about the 1st of July. Iu the first week in July we have seen 

 this butterfly iu great numbers iu the White Mountains. 



28. The four-horned sphinx. 

 Ceratomia amynlor (Hiibner.) 

 (Larva, PI. xi, fig. 1.) 



The caterpillar, as observed by Harris (under the name of Ceratomia 

 quadricornis), in one case hatched July 31. A record of its occurrence 

 on the white birch is mentioned iu " Psyche," 368, 1882. Professor 

 Riley states that Boll found the caterpillar on the osage orange. Mr. 

 Pilate has also observed the caterpillar on the linden in Ohio. A young 

 larva found August 20, and 35™™ in length, was green with 7 paler 

 green lateral oblique stripes, the four thoracic horns being very promi- 

 nent. 



This worm not unusually occurs from Maine southward ou the elm,^ 

 becoming fully fed early in September, when it descends into the ground 

 aud pupates, the moth appearing the following May and June. I have 

 taken it iu Maine as early as May 24. The moth is a large broad- winged 

 sphinx, with gray or ashen body and wings, the anterior pair with a 

 large white dot near tlie front edge. 



^gg, — Nearly of a compressed spheroidal shape, greeu, and with very fine reticula- 

 tions. (Harris' Corr., p. 82.) 



Larva before first moZ«.— Yellowish green, with a darker dorsal line, a long red 

 caudal horn, and a very large, green head, with the dorsal denticulatious and tu- 

 bercles obsolete. A newly hatched larva is about one-fifth of an inch long, pale green, 

 with a straight caudal horn about half the leugth of the body, dotted and tipped 

 with brown. There is a pair of minute thoracic horns on the top of the third segment 

 and another pair on the top of the fourth, and there is a row of minute fleshy teeth 

 along the middle of the back, which are scarcely visible. Before the first molt the 

 larva has nearly doubled its size and has a white vascular line, a faint line ou each 

 side of the middle of the back and seven oblique stripes ou each side of the body, all 

 of the same color. The head is smooth and the thoracic horns are barely visible. 

 They molt their skins in about five days after they hatch, after which the head and 

 caudal horn are granulated, the thoracic horus prominent, the fleshy teeth along the 

 middle of the back with the stripe on each side of it ; the oblique stripes on the sidea 

 aud the thoracic lines are plainly visible. 



The second molt is made iu from five to eight days after the first, when the row of 

 teeth along the middle of the back is prominent, the lateral oblique stripes are gran- 

 ulated, and the caudal horn is pale yellow with granulations in front aud behind. 



The third molt is made in from six to eight days after the second, when the larva 

 is light green with the teeth along the back and the granulations no the side of a. 

 whitish color. The caudal horn is now curved, of a yellowish-green color, and cov- 



See also Scudder's '' Butterflies of the Eastern United States," 1889. 



