THE ELM SPHINX. 243 



ered with brown granulations on the forward side. The thoracic horns are tipped 

 with yellowish. 



The fourth and last molt is made in from six to eight days, and in six days more 

 they reach maturity, leave their food plant, descend to the ground which they 

 enter for the purpose of spending the winter and reaching their final transformation. 



The mature larva is from two and three-fourths to three and one-fourth inches long, 

 pale green or reddish brown, head and body strongly granulated, a dorsal row of 

 fleshy teeth, one on each wrinkle, tipped with whitish or pink, extends from the fourth 

 segment to the caudal horn. There is a pair of short, straight, tuberculated horns 

 on the top of the third segment and a similar pair on the fourth. A line of granula- 

 tions connects the thoracic horns. Seven oblique stripes of whitish granulations 

 occur on each s'de, each of which crosses one segment and a part of the one before 

 and the one following. The last stripe extends to the caudal horn. (Fernald.) 



Pupa. — Thick, not elongated before ; tail ending with a conical projection, tipped 

 with two little divarcating spines; tongue-case buried and soldered to the breast. 

 (Harris' Corr.) 



Moth. — The fore wings are broader than in most sphinges, with a large distinct 

 round discal spot. The wings are light brown, variegated with dark brown and 

 white, while along the hind body extend five longitudinal dark-broAvn lines. It ex- 

 pands 5 inches. 



29. Smerinthus exccecatus Abbot and Smith. 

 (Larva, Pi. xi, fig 3, 3 a.) 



The caterpillar of this moth, which usually feeds on the apple and 

 plum, has been found on the elm by Mr. W. H. Edwards. Mr. Beuten- 

 miiller records it as feeding on American elm, the slippery or red elm, 

 the whahoo or winged elm, and Uhnus suberosa. (Ent. Amer., i, 196.) 



Larva. — Head apple-green, granulated, flattened, triangular, the apex rising 

 somewhat above the first segment, with bright yellow, straight, lateral lines, in 

 which are rounded granulations, increasing in size as they approach the apex. Body 

 with thoracic segments tapering, light-green, studded with pointed white granula- 

 tions. Lateral bands yellow, each occupying three-eighths, the whole, and six- 

 eighths of three segments, respectively — on the central segment straight, on the fol- 

 lowing one curved posteriorly, not angulated at the incisure — having within them a 

 granulation on each annulation (eight to the segment) larger than those elsewhere 

 on the body. Subdorsal thoracic line yellow, granulated as in the bands, com- 

 mencing on the anterior of the first segment, diverging from the dorsum as it pro- 

 ceeds and uuitiug at the sixth annulation of the fourth segment with the first lateral 

 band. Caudal horn nearly straight, .25 inch long, acutely granulated, rose-colored, 

 yellow laterally, and often yellow-tipped. Legs at tips reddish-brown. Stigmata 

 brown bordered. 



Pupa. — One-twentieth of an inch long ; .40 inch broad. Dark brown. Head-case, 

 darker brown, rounded, corrugated, with an impressed transverse line bordering it 

 posteriorly, and a medial line impressed inferiorly and carinated superiorly. Tongue- 

 case buried, short, not separating the leg and wing cases. Antennal cases in male 

 terminating very near to tips of the middle leg-cases — in female, opposite tips of tbe 

 anterior leg-cases. First stigma quite open. The three anterior segments shagreened 

 with a moderately elevated medial line. Third segment without plates, but with 

 a medial carination. The other segments, each with a subdorsal linear impression 

 and also lateral ones, and with confluent punctulations, except posteriorly, where 

 they are smooth, not shining, and under a lens delicately shagreened. Terminal 

 segment subrectangular, with a short triangular rugose spine, more prominent in the 

 male.. One male, two females. (Fernald.) 



