ELM INSECTS. 257 



since the many species of this genus of flies resemble each other so closely that a very 

 scrutinizing investigation would have been necessary to settle such a question. But 

 there is no doubt that they were very numerous during the summer. Some maggots 

 obtained from caterpillars kept for this purpose in breeding jars changed to the fly 

 in six days; others appeared in twenty three days, and still others, obtained at 

 about the same time, are still under ground, where they will hibernate. The mag- 

 gots of these flies do not, however, always enter the ground, as some were found 

 inside cocoons made by caterpillars among rubbish above ground. 



31. Deiopeiabella dj'mn). 



This caterpillar is said by Messrs. H. Edwards and Elliott to feed on 

 the elm, as well as Prunus, Lespedeza, Myrica, and pods of Crocalaria. 



Larva. — Head chestnut brown, smooth, shining. Ground color of the body deep 

 buflf, without orange tint. Each segment has a black transverse mark, deeply notched 

 before and behind, and edged broadly with white, having rather long hairs, those of 

 the dorsal region black, of the lateral white, mouth parts white, abdominal legsorauge, 

 banded with black and white. The thoracic legs wholly black. Length 30'^^ (.120 

 inch). 



32. Smerinthus gemviatus Say. 



Besides occurring on the elm, this insect also feeds on the leaves of 

 the ash and willow, as well as the apple and plum. 



Eggs.— Globose, somewhat flattened, of a pale green color, about one-fifteenth of 

 an inch in diameter; they hatch in seven days. 



Larva.— When first hatched it is about one-fifth of an inch long, of a pale green 

 color, and the caudal horn is fuscous. The mature larva is about two inches and 

 one-fourth long, of an apple-green color, somewhat lighter above, with pale green or 

 whitish granulations over the surface. The head has a yellow stripe on each side, and 

 there are seven oblique stripes on each side of the body, of a pale yellow color, ex- 

 cept the last, which is bright yellow. There is also a stripe on the side of the for- 

 ward segments. The anal shield and plates are granulated, and of a darker green 

 than the rest of the upper surface, but of the same color as the under surface. The 

 caudal horn is slightly curved, of a violet color and granulated. (Fernald.) 



^o</i.— Expanse of wings, two and a half inches. The head and thorax are pale 

 gray, the latter with a rich dark brown triangular spot on the middle, which is 

 rounded in front and widened out behind. The abdomen and under side of the body 

 are brownish gray. The fore wings are gray with a faint rosy tint in some specimens. 

 The discal spot is whitish and bordered with dark brown, and a dark brown line 

 edged on the inside with whitish starts from the basal third of the costa at right 

 angles with it, and runs about half way across the wing where it forms nearly a right 

 angle, and then runs across to the hinder margin. The lower part of this line is 

 wider and shades off on the outer side. A broad, dark brown, oblique stripe, start 

 ing from this line, occupies the space between veins 2 and 3, and ends at a narrow, 

 somewhat wavy, pale band, which crosses the outer part of the wing, within which 

 is a darker shade band with a straight but still darker inner edge. Outside of the 

 pale band there are several indistinct, sinuous lines crossing the wing, a dark brown 

 spot just inside of the anal angle, a lunulite spot of the same color edged on the in- 

 side with white at the apex, and the outer border has a wide, dark brown shade from 

 the lunulate spot down to near the anal angle. 



The hind wings are rosy red with gray costal and outer borders. There is a large 



. black spot with two blue spots on it near the anal angle, and connected with it by 



a narrow black stripe. Occasionally a third blue spot appears, on the black, and 



sometimes there is but a single one, giving the variety januiicensis, Drury, which 



Rev. G. D. Hulst has bred from eggs laid by geminatus. The under side of the fore 



5 ENT 17 



