HICKORY CATERPILLARS. 307 



forests of hickory and chestnut and were doing much damage to the 

 fruit trees. The principal damage done by these insects at the North 

 has been to the shade trees in tlie large cities, notably New York and 

 Philadelphia. In these localities there is but one brood in a year, the 

 worms hatching in early spring and feeding upon the leaves until 

 towards the end of June, when they spin up between the leaves. The 

 moths issue in a week, pair, and lay their eggs upon the trunk and 

 twigs of the tree, where they remain until the following spring. The 

 worm is an inch and a half long and nearly black in color. The moth 

 is pure white in color and has a wing expanse of an inch and a half. 



As was evinced by reports received by Mr. Davenport, and by the 

 fact that many of the eggs received were deposited upon leaves, there 

 is evidently more than one brood each year in Georgia. The eggs were 

 l^mm long, half as wide, of a yellowish-brown color, and were placed upon 

 end in small patches. As to remedies, it will prove a very diflScult in- 

 sect to fight in forests ; but upon ornamental trees and shrubs and upon 

 fruit trees it will not be difficult to destroy it. The former can easily 

 be syringed with Paris green and water, from a garden syringe or 

 fountain pump. With the latter it will be necessary to jar the trees in 

 mid-day, or in warm sunshine, when the worms are most active. The 

 shock will cause nearly all to drop, suspended by a silken thread; then 

 by using a pole they can be brought to the ground and destroyed by 

 crushing. In forests, however, 1 can see no means of getting rid of 

 them, unless it should prove that the moths are readily attracted by 

 light, in which case much good could be accomplished by building fires 

 at intervals during the time of flight. (Comstock's Eeport for 1880, p. 

 271). 



For descriptions of the moth and its preparatory stages see p. 232. 



66. Eugonia alniaria Hiibner. 



The larva of this species occurred at Providence in June, in its sec- 

 ond stage of growth on Carya porcina and Juglans nigra. I sent it to 

 Miss Sanders, who states that it molted July 9, again on the 16th, and 

 for the last time July 24, spinning August 9 a beautiful loose web of 

 silk like open lace, within the web hanging the inner oval hammock- 

 like cocoon of close texture, thin and fine. The female emerged Au- 

 gust 31. 



Mr. L. W. Goodell has raised it from the chestnut at Amherst, Mass., 

 August 20. He describes the caterpillar as " bluish-green, with a thick 

 wrinkle on each ring, those on the fifth and eighth thickest and light 

 brown ; on the back of the eleventh ring are two little warts tipped 

 with brown." Length, 2.3 inches, the body largest near the tail and 

 tapering to the head. August 21 it drew a few leaves together and 

 spun a thin pear-shaped cocoon, pupated the 24th, the moth issuing Sep- 

 tember 13. 



