CATALPA INSECTS. 667 



witii a suddeu jerk, they would jump to a distance of several inches.* The seeds 

 themselves and the whole contents of the pod were in every case in a decaying con- 

 dition. The larvae were of very difterent sizes, some apparently being nearly full- 

 grown, while others were evidently very young. 



Some ten days after the pods had been placed in a breeding jar the adult flies 

 began to appear — minute yellow midges with dusky wings. From that time on 

 through the fall occasional examinations of the pods showed larvae of all sizes still 

 at work, many of the pods becoming entirely brown and dry before the middle of 

 September. It was often a puzzling thing, in examining these pods, to find the 

 points where the larvae made their exit, for the pupa state is passed under ground. 

 Usually one, two, or three small orifices would be found, through which all the in- 

 habitants of the pod must have issued. The manner in which this hole is made is a 

 mystery. Examined from the inside, it shows marks of gnawings around its edge, 

 and frequently spots are found where attempts to pierce the pod have evidently been 

 made, but unsuccessfully. Yet as cecidomyid lar\ ae have no horny masticating 

 jaws, how have they made these orifices ? In pods which had evidently been attacked 

 earlier in the season, while younger and tenderer, the holes were much larger and 

 more abundant. Occasionally the pod will have become so dry that it will have 

 cracked, and in such cases of course no other hole would be necessary. 



Larva. — Length, 3.25™"^ ; greatest breadth (at middle of body), O.T'""!. Color vary- 

 ing from pale whitish to orange. Breast bone bright honey-yellow, .21"""^ loug> and 

 06mm yifidQ at the fork. Integument very smooth, transverse ridges barely percep- 

 tible, with a high power near the juncture of the segments. Sides of the body show 

 the dividing line of the segments only as a slight notch, the junctures between the 

 head and first thoracic segment and the eighth and ninth abdominal segments being 

 most marked. Body apparently with fourteen segments. Antennae apparently 4- 

 jointed ; first joint short and broad ; second joint short, much narrower than joint 1 ; 

 third joint three times as long as joint 2, but of same diameter; joint 4 a mere point 

 at tip of 3, apparently the continuation of a tube which can be seen in joint 3. Stig- 

 mata very small, at the summit of almost imperceptible tubercles, the prothoracic 

 tubercles and those upon the eighth abdominal segment beiu^ larger, more dorsal, 

 and situated, the prothoracic at the front and the eighth abdominal at the hind border 

 of its segment. The anal segment is very convex anteriorly, and almost truncate 

 posteriorly, four or more small posterior projections being present. 



Adult male. — Length of body, l.Sf""'; length of wing, LS""'"; length of antennae, 

 2 5™™. Antennae, 26-jointed (2x24); joints pediceled, alternately single and double; 

 single joints each with a whorl of long hairs; double joints with a whorl of delicate 

 short hairs preceding the long one. Head slightly gibbous above, the eyes meeting 

 upon the summit. Cross vein given off at one-half the length of the subcostal, not 

 very oblique ; second longitudinal vein nearly straight for three-fourths of its length, 

 when it curves downward and reaches the margin of the wing somewhat beyond the 

 apex ; third longitudinal vein straight for one-half of the wing-length, when it forks, 

 the branches forming a right angle first, which is, however, lost by the almost imme- 

 diate downward bend of the upper branch. General color, light yellow ; antennae 

 fuscous, except basal joints, which are. yellowish ; legs somewhat shaded with fus- 

 cous, and furnished with quite long whitish hairs upon the femora; thorax above, 

 with a long longitudinal dusky stripe on each side, also faintly dusky toward head ; 

 abdomen light yellow, with many short whitish hairs; balancers and claspers yel- 

 low, the latter dusky at tip; wings dusky, with a bluish Iridescent appearance. 



*This habit is mentioned by Osten Sacken (Monogs. Dipt., i, p. 183) in the following 

 words: "The larvae of several species, for instance, Cec. loii, Cec. pisi, and Cecid. 7-itmi- 

 cis, have the power of leaping. Dr. Loew remarks that all such larvae belong to the 

 subgenus Diplosis. Cec. poptili Duf. performed its leaps by straining the horny 

 hooks at the tip of its abdomen against the ujder side of the thoracic segments." (Du- 

 four's Ann. Sc. Nat., 2d ser., xvi, p. 257.) 



