THE HEMLOCK GELECHIA. 877 



This rude case is held together with silk, the worm living in a rude 

 silken tube, and feeding upon the inside of the leaves. The length of 

 this tube, within which the little caterpillar finally changes to a chrys- 

 alis, is from 8 to 10^"'" in length. 



The worms are found from the 1st of May through the month of June. 

 One changed to a pupa in its tube about the 20th to 25th of May, and 

 the moth (in confinement) appeared June 1. Other chrysalids were 

 found in the tubes from June 20 to 30, the moths making their appear- 

 ance early in July. 



The moth is beautifully marked, and probably examples occur 

 throughout the summer. Without doubt the eggs are laid on the twigs 

 or leaves in the summer, and the caterpillars become almost full-fed 

 before the winter, hibernating in their cases, becoming active in the 

 spring. The worms are preyed upon by an ichneumon, the oval cocoon 

 with one pupa which had recently transformed, and another ready to 

 imaginate occurring in the cases June 9. 



The fall-grown larva. — Body slender, cylindrical, not flattened. Head of the normal 

 form, not modified in shape as in leaf-mining larvae ; not so wide as the body, smooth, 

 amber colored. Body tapering slightly towards both ends, pale green, of the same 

 hue as the under side of the leaves of the hemlock. Cervical shield well marked, 

 greenish amber. Each segment is dorsally divided by a transverse suture into two 

 slight folds, on the anterior and larger of which are four dark green piliferous warts, 

 arranged in a straight line, and two on the hinder division or fold. There are simi- 

 lar warts on the sides and beneath. Legs 6 -1- 8 : the thoracic feet are pale, blackish 

 at tip. The four pairs of abdominal legs are coucolorous with the body. The supra- 

 anal plate amber-green, with a few long setae, as long as the body is thick. Length, 



gmin_ 



Pupa (alive). — In form slender, spindle-shaped, the head considerably narrower than 

 the body, which gradually tapers from the thorax to the end of the body ; antennae 

 and wings reaching to the hinder edge of the fifth abdominal segment. End of the 

 abdomen rather blunt and rounded, with a few very fine hairs. Along the side of the 

 abdomen a row of short, thick spiniiles, one on the side of each segment, none on the 

 back ; a pair of such spines on the under side of the sixth segment. Eyes reddish ; 

 body pale amber, with a greenish tint on the thorax. The two terminal segments 

 darker than the rest of the abdomen, and concolorous with the head . Length, 4 to 5™". 

 less connected on the extreme costal edge ; three equidistant black points on the sub- 

 median vein, the first situated opposite a point half way between the two basal costal 

 spots; the second opposite the end of the second costal spot, and the third opposite 

 the third costal spot ; the third spot is eublinear and ends on the edge of the wing 

 at the internal angle. On the costal part of the apex of the wing is a curved row of 

 four black spots, the fourth situated at the extreme apex of the wing, and on the 

 outer and hinder edge are two or three minute black dots, between which and the 

 fringe is a white patch, the fringe being also streaked with white. All the black 

 spots are more or less edged on one side with white scales. The fringe on the outer 

 costal half is lead color with minute black scales at the apex of the wing. Below 

 and within, the long silky fringe is much paler. Hind wings very narrow, almost 

 linear at tip, and with the fringe concolorous with the fringe of fore wings below and 

 within the apex. Body and legs pale glistening buff-yellow. Hind tibiae long, with 

 a wide fringe ; first pair of tibial spines twice as long and about one-half as thick as 

 second pair ; the tarsi ringed with black and white. Length of body, 5™"' ; of fore 

 wing, 5™™ ; expanse of wings, 11™™. 



