40 THE ENTOMOLOGIST. 



apparently just crawled up a timber-built liuilding for pupation ; two 

 bad already begvm spinning themselves up. The temperature at the 

 time (midday) was cold but sunny ; the thermometer registered four 

 degrees of frost ; since the 1st it had continued freezing. It is 

 remarkable for these larvae to survive for three months, as must have 

 been the case ; undoubtedly the eggs were deposited in September, 

 1907, and most likely early in that month, which would extend their 

 larval duration to nearly four months, and to find them full-fed in 

 January during frost is, I should imagine, unprecedented. They 

 have since pupated : one on the 10th, the remaining two on the 11th 

 and 14th, the transformation, as will be seen, occupying several days. 

 F. W. Frohawk. 



Notes on Bupithecia togata. — Last autumn I fixed a day for 

 collecting larvae of this fine " pug." Owing to the backward season 

 I made the date a few days later than usual. It is advisable to 

 obtain the larvae full-grown, as there is then greater certainty that 

 they will pupate successfully, and one may chance to find a few of 

 the larvae spun up in the cones. When I arrived at the district and 

 had a look round, very few new cones were to be seen ; but after 

 further search I found a tree which bore many of the desired cones. 

 They were situated near the top of the tree, and rather difficult to 

 get at. I am a fairly good climber, however, and up the tree I went. 

 To my delight every cone was infested with the larvae ; in fact, some 

 of the cones had three or four larvEe in them. Never before had I 

 observed so many larvae in a single cone. It appeared to me all 

 the female E. togata in the district had visited this tree to deposit 

 their ova on the new cones. E. togata is not always to be found 

 where spruce fir grows, even although the trees may bear numerou.s 

 cones. The moths do not always emerge the following June, a good 

 number of them lying over till the second year. The perfect insect 

 is seldom seen on the wing, and is difficult to find on tree-trunks. 

 From 1899 to 1904, although constantly on the look-out, I failed to 

 see any cones which bore traces of the larvae ; I began to think the 

 cold, wet seasons had swept them completely away. If June proves 

 warm and there is then a fair amount of sunshine, the chance of 

 larvae of this species in the autumn is good. — E. Lawson ; Croft 

 Park, Craigie, Perth, N.B. 



Macrothylacia rubi in Winter. — On the 13th January, 1908, 

 I took some hybernating larvae of M. rubi from a turf in the open on 

 which I had been keeping them (eighteen in all). They were then 

 frozen so much that they could be snapped in pieces like pieces of 

 stick ; I then put them in a greenhouse about twelve o'clock ; by 

 three o'clock they had thawed and were beginning to move about, 

 and on the following Wednesday the greater number had begun to 

 spin cocoons. All except five have now spun up, and these five have 

 produced pupas of some parasite. — Francis C. Woodbridge ; North- 

 croft, Uxbridge, January 22nd, 1908. 



New and completely Illustrated Work on the Larv^ and 

 Pup^ OF THE British Macro-Lepidoptera. — May I earnestly 

 solicit the help of entomologists for this work. Loans or gifts of 



