NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 227 



The elbowed line, though often distinct and sometimes very broad, 

 is occasionally only represented by its costal third, and rmis into 

 the inner subterminal ; this I have never seen in athalia, though 

 it occurs occasionally in aurelia and hritoinartis. The marginal 

 blotch is generally small, sometimes absent. The stigma is broader 

 than in athalia, circular, oval, or reniform, most rarely filled in 

 with black, but occasionally reduced to a streak. The basal lines are 

 fairly conspicuous above the median nervure, having often the ap- 

 pearance of a reniform stigma. 



Up. s. h. w. : The border is sometimes divided as in the fore wing ; 

 the inner line usually further from the outer than in other species ; 

 when this appears not to be the case it is because the outer is 

 unusually broad. Extra line and discal spot rarely indicated, except 

 by a central portion of the former, which forms the outer edging of 

 a spot attached to the exterior of the inconspicuous basal spot. Basal 

 suffusion almost confined to the lower half of the wing, and some- 

 times wholly wanting. In the female, especially of the second brood, 

 the ground colour of both wings often shows indications of the lighter 

 and darker bands so conspicuous in the aurinia group. 



Un. s. f. w. : Inner edge of the border scarcely arched. Most of 

 the lunules generally pale, the upper ones always so, and the ground 

 colour between the subterminal lines generally paler than the basal 

 portion, with at least one pale spot near the costa. Outer sub- 

 terminal scarcely, if at all, more conspicuous towards the anal angle ; 

 inner almost always visible, and often very clearly marked through- 

 out its entire length. Elbowed line generally represented by three 

 spots, but sometimes, especially in the second brood, traceable 

 throughout. Marginal blotch small and pointing towards the apex. 

 Stigma rarely well defined except in its lowest portion, and the basal 

 lines do not extend beyond the median nervure. The basal dash 

 often conspicuous in the male. 



Un. s. h. w. : Both edging lines more or less arched, but the degree 

 varies greatly. The two upper spots of the outer band, especially the 

 second, are generally of more undecided pattern than the others. The 

 inner division of the central band is darker than the outer. Inner 

 band often ill-defined, though the hght spot is generally small and 

 narrow. The central spot of the basal band is also small. There is, 

 generally speaking, less contrast between the bands than in the other 



species. 



(To be continued.) 



NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 



Gnopiios obscurata var. mundata. — I have always understood 

 that the fine white variety, with all the markings obsolete, except the 

 transverse lines and lunules, which Mr. Prout has named ab. mun- 

 data, was confined to the neighbourhood of Lewes, where it occurs 

 rarely with the ordinary chalk form arg iliac ear ia. I was, however, 

 informed last year that the form calceata (which is the name under 



