HYMENOPTEROUS PARASITES OF COCCIP.T;. 63 



66. Saissetia hemisphcericum, Targ. 

 Motschulsky lias described bis Encyrtiis adustipennifi (Bull. 

 Soc. Nat. Moscou, 1863, p. 55) from the synonymous Lecanium 

 cof'cBcs, which he evidently thought distinct from Pseudococcus 

 coffecB, since from the latter he also brings forward (Etud. Entom. 

 1859, pp. 170-78) both Encyrtus nietneri and Chartocerus musci- 

 formis ; but all are from Ceylon. L. cofece, Sign., is attacked 

 by Cirrospilus coccivorus, Mots. (Bull. Mosc. 1863, p. 68), Cocco- 

 pliagus flavescens, How. (Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus. 1896, p. 634), 

 C. orientalis from Ceylon [1. c. p. 633), by the Torymid Marietta 

 leopardina, Mots^. (Bull. Mosc. 1863, p. 52), by Thoracantha 

 cyanea, Mots. (Etud. Entom. 1859, p. 172) and by Cephaleta 

 piirpureiventris, Mots. {I.e. p. 173). 



67. Physokermes ahietis, Geoff. 

 Most of our knowledge respecting the enemies of this species 

 still comes from Eatzeburg, who says (Ichn. d. Forst. iii. 194), 

 among the species bred by Hr. Keissig from Coccus racemosus I 

 recently found Encyrtus cephalotes ; of E. diiplicatus, Nees (ii. 

 145), I have actually bred this pretty insect from Coccus race- 

 mosus several times, and (iii. 188) again from Coccus racemosus — 

 all the more striking, therefore, is the anomalous breeding of Hr. 

 Eeissig, in which several specimens emerged from a wax-yellow 

 Syrplms larva, which had been close to the Coccus racemosus ; I 

 had already bred a specimen of E. parasema (ii. 149) with 

 damaged antennae in the year 1845 from C. racemosus, with E. 

 miicronatus ; then came a well-preserved specimen from Nord- 

 linger, also from this host ; Bouch6 bred several E. tenuis (ii. 149), 

 but only males, from C. racemosus — also bred by me from male 

 of this host from Neustadt ; E. testaceipes (ii. 146) was bred, 

 together with E. atricollis, by Hr. Reissig from C. racemosus ; 

 one male Eidophus coccorum (ii. 157) bred from a male pupa of 

 C. racemosus ; I bred several Pteromalus racemosi from my C. 

 racemosus (ii. 200, cf. i. 201) in August, 1842 — in the open in the 

 beginning of August the Coccus swellings full of eggs were sur- 

 rounded by these Pteromali (Giraud also bred it from this host, 

 cf. Ann. Soc. France, 1877, p. 430) ; Hr. Reissig bred many 

 Encyrtus mucronatus (ii. 148) from C. racemosus, with many 

 testaceus and testaceipes ; and again (iii. 193) E. mucronatus is 

 the female of E. imrasema ; formerly I received one female of 

 Pteromalus coccorum (ii. 197) without abdomen, bred with 

 Encyrtus ccneus from Coccus — later came a male which I consider 

 belongs to it and which I bred from Chermes picea. Subsequent 

 authors have done little but quote the above observations ; but 

 Mayr records (Verb. z.-b. Ges. 1875, pp. 691 et 706) Encyrtus 

 testaceus, Eatz., and Microterys lunatus, Eatz., from Coccus 

 racemosus, Linn., and M. fuscipennis, Dalm., from Lecanimn 

 racemosus, which Ashmead evidently regarded as distinct from 



